考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 12 页 第 1 页 2015 年暨南大学英语语言文学 706 外语水平研究生入学考试试题*学科、专业名称：外国语言文学 研究方向：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学考试科目名称：外语（英）水平考试 考试科目代码：706考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 12 页 第 2 页 Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. She was completely _ by the thiefs disguise so that she let him in without suspicion.A. taken away B. taken down C. taken in D. taken through2. Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it is just _ and needs proving.A. spontaneous B. hypothetical C. intuitive D. empirical3. The U-boat blockade _ Englands food shortage during World War II.A. aggregated B. aggrieved C. aggravated D. agonized4. The government had to _ reserves and borrowed abroad in time of economic crisis.A. draw on B. draw up C. draw in D. draw out5. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to _ the color of his skin.A. with the exception B. in the light of C. by virtue of D. regardless of6. The teacher wonders whats_ all the trouble among the students.A. on the back of B. in the back of C. at the back of D. behind the back of7. For physicists, cats ability to right themselves in midair and land on their feet_ the miraculous.A. counted on B. accounted for C. bordered on D. caught on8. It was a surgeon that she represented herself, and _ she was warmly received.A. such as B. as such C. as that D. so that9. If you want to know who has been elected as the President, please dont leave. The advertisements are followed with a detailed news report made _.A. on the site B. on the location C. on the ground D. on the spot10. If you demand something _, you make a lot of noise.A. vocally B. vociferously C. vocationally D. volcanically11. People whose homes have been flooded _ the government for help.A. turn from B. look to C. ask for D. run after12. Those two boys are _ a fighttheyve been on the edge of a quarrel all day.A. itching for B. turning away from C. waiting for D. preparing for13. Starting as a _ campus movement, initially observed on March 21, Earth Day has become a major educational and media event.A. student-leading B. student-leaded C. student-led D. student-lead14. Children in the United States are exposed to many influences _ those of their families.A. rather than B. better than C. other than D. more than15. If you push hard on the world, the world will push back on you; if you touch the world gently, the world will touch you gently _.A. in turn B. in return C. in the long run D. in place16. He must use this surplus as an insurance _ the unpredictable effects of bad weather.A. for B. against C. of D. to17. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always _ with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 12 页 第 3 页 A. combined B. having combined C. combine D. being combined18. Would you _ to give me a helping hand when I move to the new house?A. be so kind B. be kind as C. be so kind as D. be kind19. The tourists decided not to make a trip to that ancient temple _.A. but stay where they were B. but staying where they wereC. but to stay where they were D. instead of staying where they were20. There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that I read recently _ what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.A. giving B. gave C. to give D. given21. Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of the port _ half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.A. to announce B. announced C. announcing D. was announced22. Concerns were raised _ witness might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty verdicts.A. what B. when C. which D. that23. “What did they use to get the flounder?”“I think they used a _.” A. bamboo long fishing pole B. long bamboo fishing poleC. long pole , bamboo, and fishingD. bamboo fishing long pole24. Sue wanted to make some coffee for her guests; however, _.A. she hadnt many sugarB. there was not a great amount of the sugarC. she did not have much sugarD. she was lacking in amount of the sugar25. In his time he enjoyed a reputation _.A. as great as Mozart, if not greater thanB. as great as, if not greater than, MozartC. as great, if not greater, as MozartD. greater, if not as great as Mozart26. “What do you think about the boy?”“The boy _ I believed to be honest deceived me.”A. who B. what C. which D. whom考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 12 页 第 4 页 27. “Do the students in your class study hard?”“Some of them do. _ just dont care.”A. The other B. Another C. Others D. Some other28. What type of automobile would you buy _?A. if you have free choice to choose the cars available todayB. if you are free to choose among all the cars available todayC. if all the cars available were free to be chosen by youD. if you were free to choose among all the cars available today 29. The judge assented to the suggestion that _.A. both of the criminals will soon be set freedomB. some of the criminals there are of guilt onlyC. that girl was to be paroled in the custody of a welfare societyD. the prisoner be sentenced to death30. “The photographer thought he was supposed to arrive after the guests.”“But I meant _ early.”A. for his coming B. for him to come C. him coming D. he would come Part II. Proof-reading and Error Correction （10 points ）Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed. The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong word Underline the wrong and write the correct one in the blank provided on the answer sheet. For a missing word Mark the position of the missing word with a “ ” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided on the answer sheet. For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided on the answer sheet. 考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 12 页 第 5 页 Culture is one of the more challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic with the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic varieties: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only by experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the culturalenvironment stem from the fact one cannot learn cultureone has tolive it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how todeal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the worldaround, following the model of Pepsis and McDonalds. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor businessapproaches with individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindnessFortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The international successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed intosituations but rather build their operations carefully by obeying the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.1._2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 12 页 第 6 页 Part III Cloze (20 points):Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. You are required to read the passage and try to replace the missing words according to the context. Human beings appear to have done a thorough job of contaminating the Earths land, 1_ and atmosphere. Are there any pollution-free places left on Earth?Unfortunately, pollution also affects water, and 2 cancels out hope that perfectly clean freshwater bodies exist. But 3 pollution from the air does settle in water, its actually pollution from land that acts 4 the primary contaminant for freshwater resources. Chemicals, fertilizers and waste all seep into groundwater and wash into lakes, streams and 5 , often winding up in the ocean. Dead zones occur when nutrient loads from land cause massive microbial blooms, 6 in turn deplete the water of oxygen. As a result, the rivers become severely 7 , and people living downstream are forced to 8 that water. Actually whats bad for humans is also bad for the 9 . According to a recent report, animal populations living in freshwater have 10 by 75% over the last 40 years, thanks largely to pollution. Even the oceans, 11 remain largely unexplored and occupy 70% of the Earths 12 , have not escaped our pollutions reaches. Today, 60-80% of marine pollution originates from land, 13 the water through harbours, dirty beaches and polluted waterways that drain into the 14 . Of that pollution, plastic is the most pervasive 15 most plastic takes centuries perhaps even longer to 16 disappear. Actually theres human debris everywhere on the 17 of the ocean, for human beings are an integral part 18 marine ecosystems now.Were left with a cruel 19 : there probably is no place on Earth without 20 . In other words, we human beings have done a wonderful job of contaminating the environment all around us.Part IV Reading Comprehension (30 points) Directions: In this section, there are three passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage 1 When you think of a culture, you usually think of things such as art, language, music, literature, and architecture. But a culture is much more. It is a way of life, simple or complex. Every society or group of people has a culture. The culture includes a mixture of art, language, music, literature, and architecture. But it also includes customs, traditions, and beliefs that are important to the groups within families, neighborhoods, communities, and governments. 考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 12 页 第 7 页 Cultures result from basic needs shared by all people. Early culture was a way to extend the ability to obtain food, seek protection, and raise and nurture children. Todays culture has modern methods of getting food and developing shelter. It has a means of distributing the food and other goods to its people. The culture includes family relationships, community relationships, education opportunities, religious practices, and forms of artistic expression. All large cities and many small cities have history, science, and art centers, and museums. People attend dance performances, plays, musicals, and classical and popular music concerts. They can view outdoor art projects and important architecture. This development of artistic expression forms is the result of both contributions by private giving and other funding. A countrys culture has systems for giving power and responsibility, including social positions, education, economics, and governments. Giving power and responsibility is a way to keep order and settle disputes. In more complex cultures, this includes police, court, and prison systems. The countrys structure, its laws, and the way people relate to each other have great influence on peoples actions and attitudes. People learn their culture by growing up in a particular society or group. They are not born with a culture. They learn it mainly through the use of language and by watching and imitating other group members. By seeing what goes on around then, they learn what their society considers right and wrong. By listening to group members shared memories, beliefs, values, and expectations, they develop ways of thinking. Most cultural learning comes from verbal communication. Children share their cultures traditions of citizenship, holiday celebration, craftsmanship, production, competition, leadership, know-how, and positive attitude. To learn about a groups culture, ask questions as “What languages do the groups members speak? How do group members decide what is right or wrong? What customs do group members share?” Customs are an important feature of a culture theyre a way of doing things that has been handed down from one generation to the next. Customs include greeting traditions, eating traditions, and holiday traditions. Every culture has a customary way of greeting, of eating, and of celebrating holidays and special days. The adventure of fireworks displays on the Fourth of July has become an American custom. Through travel, television, films, and other means, people become familiar with cultures from around the world. And cultural traits spread around the world. Clothing, music, sports, and industrial processes are the same in many places of the world. Blue jeans are a good example of a spreading cultural trait. Clothing from one culture, American, is worn around the world. Blue jeans became popular as work clothes in the 1850s after Levi Strauss, a German immigrant merchant in San Francisco, created them. Now they are widely worn on every continent by people of all ages and fashion tastes. A culture is much more than art, language, music, literature, and architecture. It is a way to enhance the lives of people. 1. Most cultural learning comes from _ communication. A. verbal B. aural 考试科目：外语（英）水平考试 共 12 页 第 8 页 C. visual D. physical 2. _ are a way of doing things that