考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第 1 页2014 年暨南大学外国语言文学 808 外语综合研究生入学考试真题（B 卷）*学科、专业名称：外国语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：各研究方向考试科目名称：外国语言文学综合考试 考试科目代码：808考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在本试题册上一律不给分。 . Multiple choices. There are 20 questions in this part. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part.（20%）1. _ has earned the name of “The Land of Song”.A. England B. Wales C. Scotland D. Ireland2. The largest city in New Zealand is _.A. Christchurch B.Dunedin C. Auckland D. Wellington3. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _.A. the Lord Chancellor B. the MonarchC. the King D. the Prime Minister4. Established churches in Britain are _.A. Church of England and Church in WalesB. Church of England and Church of ScotlandC. The Anglican ChurchesD. Church in Wales and Church of Scotland5. The _ of Britain are mainly highlands, and the _ are mainly lowlands.A. north and west, east and south B. north and east, south and westC. south and west, north and west D. east and west, north and south6. The Hundred Years War is the intermittent conflicts between_ and _ that lasted from 1337 to 1453.考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第 2 页A. England, Ireland B. England, Rome C. France, England D. England, Scotland7. Tasmania is an island, which lies _ of the Australian mainland.A. north of the northeastern cornerB. south of the southeastern cornerC. east of the northeastern cornerD. west of the southeastern corner8. The U.S. is called a “melting pot” because_.A. its steel industry is highly developedB. it has great influence on the worldC. people from different races live there togetherD. it is an important economic center of the world9. Quebecs legal system is based on _.A. French civil law B. French criminal lawC. Canadian law D. British common law10. The largest of the ethnic minorities in America is _.A. the Mexico-Americans B. the Asian-AmericansC. the blacks D. the Cuban-Americans11. Hollywood, the center of American movie industry, is closest to which city?A. Chicago B. New York C. Denver D. Los Angeles12. The seats in the Senate are allocated to different states_.A. according to their sizeB. equallyC. according to their populationD. according to their tax paid to federal government13. American and British English are two of the English language _.A. elements B. parts C. varieties D. forms14. Which of the following is an American newspaper?考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第 3 页A. The International Herald Tribune B. The GuardianC. The Daily Telegraph D. Newsweek15. Canada consists of _ provinces and _ territories.A. 8; 3 B. 10; 3 C. 8; 2 D. 10; 216. The English Civil War, also called the Puritan Revolution, is generally regarded as the beginning of _ modern history.A. European B. Welsh C. World D. Scottish17. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except_.A. William Pen B. George WashingtonC. Benjamin Franklin D. Thomas Jefferson18. The basic structure of Australia government is based on _.A. the British modelB. the American modelC. both the British and the American modelsD. neither the British nor the American models19. Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain?A. Football B. Tennis C. Cricket D. Archery20. The arrival of _ in AD 432 was the most important event in Irish history.A. Eamon de Valera B. St. PatrickC. Palladius D. E. Childers. Fill in the blanks with proper words. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part.（ 20%）1. _ means that human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication.2. Assimilation is a phonological term, often used synonymously with coarticulation, 考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第 4 页which is more of a _ term.3. Language is produced as a continuous stretch of speech or writing, but one can still find pauses and blanks every now and then. Thus, word may be seen as a set of sound _ or writing letters between two pauses and blanks.4. Free _ is an element of meaning which takes the form of an independent word. They may occur alone, that is, they make up words by themselves.5. Syntactic relations can be analyzed into three kinds, namely, positional relations, relations of substitutability, and relations of _.6. Terms like “peach”, “banana”, “apple” and “orange” are _ of the term “fruit”.7. _ is the process of classifying our experiences into different categories based on commonalities and differences.8. Speakers meaning differs from the kinds of meaning we studied in semantics in that its interpretation depends more on who the speaker of the sentence is, who the hearer is, when and where it is used. In a word, it depends more on the _.9. The first meaning for a word that a dictionary definition gives is usually its _ meaning.10. _ is the term used in linguistics to describe the relationship between a particular style of language and its context of use.11. _ is a dominant form of the Medieval English literature.12. John Donnes famous analogy of parting lovers to a drawing compass provides a prime example of _.13. _, the first of great English tragedies, is generally regarded as Shakespeares most popular play on the stage. 14. _ tells how Satan rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of Eden.15. The novel Ulysses written by James Joyce is well-known for its modernist technique of _. 考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第 5 页16. _ was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation in the American literary history. 17. Early in the 1920s, the most prominent of the new American playwrights, whose name is _, established an international reputation.18. Robert Frost poetry focused on the landscape and people in _.19. _ wrote about the disintegration of the old social system in the American southern states, and the lives of modern people, both black and white.20. The American writers of the 1950s often used the psychological insights taken from the writings of Sigmund _ and his followers. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET according to requirements. Both literature candidates and linguistics candidates must do this part (10%). Section A: Decide whether each of the following statements is True or False. If it is true, write T on the ANSWER SHEET. If it is false, write F on the ANSWER SHEET.1. The difference between a pidgin and a creole is that the latter has native speakers.2. Trainer and trainee are complementary antonyms.3. Acoustic phonetics studies the physical properties of speech sounds.4. If a waiter in a restaurant says, “The spaghetti left without paying”, he is using a metaphor.5. There are more words in the language of the Eskimos than in English for describing snow, therefore the Eskimos are better able to perceive snow than English-speaking people. That is the idea of linguistic determinism.Section B: Identify the author and indicate the genre of each of the following works.6. Song of My Self7. Hard Times8. Pygmalion考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第 6 页9. An American Tragedy10. A Modest ProposalIV. Choose SIX of the following terms and explain them briefly. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1. Neoclassicism2. Gothic Novel3. Flashback4. Transcendentalism5. Metaphysical Poets6. Renaissance7. Compositionality8. Logical Connective9. Phatic Communion10. Linguistic Sexism11. Entailment12. PresuppositionV. Answer the following questions. According to different majors, choose the ones you must do. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%)Section A：for linguistics candidates only1. What are the differences between competence and performance? 2. Disambiguate the following sentences and explain how the ambiguity arises.(1) Flying planes can be dangerous.(2) The boy put the straw in his mouth.(3) I saw her duck under the table.(4) Old men are women were given priority to get on the lifeboats.3. Explain the locutionary act, the illocutionary act and the perlocutionary act of the following statement:考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第 7 页There is a snake in the grass.4. What are the three types of antonymy? Give two examples for each. Section B：for literature candidates only1. Percy Bysshe Shelly is famous for his Ode to the West Wind. Please summarize the main idea of the poem.2. What are the major features of Romantic Movement in Britain between 1790 and 1830?3. Based on Hawthornes works The Scarlet Letter, discuss the characters of his writings.4. What is the theme of The Great Gatsby?VI. Choose one of the followings and write your response to it. According to different majors, choose the one you must do. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1. According to Paul Grices theory of conversational implicature, how many types of implicature are there and, how are they generated and understood? (for linguistics candidates only) 2. Analyze the following poem as to its theme, poetic form, and rhetorical devices, and develop it into an essay of 200 words. （for literature candidates only ）Crossing the BarAlfred Lord TennysonSunset and evening starAnd one clear call for me!And may there be no moaning of the bar,When I put out to sea,But such a tide as moving seems asleep,Too full for sound and foam,When that which drew from out the boundless deepTurns again home.考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第 8 页Twilight and evening bell,And after that the dark!And may there be no sadness of farewell,When I embark;For though from out our borne of Time and PlaceThe flood may bear me far,I hope to see my Pilot face to faceWhen I have crossed the bar.考试科目：外国语言文学综合考试 共 9 页 第 9 页