对外经济贸易大学基础英语专业考研模拟题综合英语第一套Part one Choose the appropriate answer that best completes the statement or answers the questions.1. Which of these parts of the UK does NOT have its own legislative assembly?A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland2. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queens role in the U.K.?A .The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the CabinetB. Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime MinisterD. The Queen is the temporal head of the church of England3. Apart from_, the following topics are conversation taboos in the Great Britain.A. politics B. prices C. World war II D. Falklands War4. Where was William Shakespeare born?A. Stoke on TrentB. StratfordC. Stratford upon Avon D. Newcastle5. Which of the following statements about the nomination process in the U.S. IS true?A .The nomination process in the U.S. is more of an organizational effort than in Europe.B. Parties play a larger role today than at the turn of centuryC. Parties play a minor role compared to EuropeD. Parties play a larger role in the U.S. than in Europe6.When the Soviet troops invades _,President Carter placed an embargo on grain shipments to the Soviet Union.A. annual B. Afghanistan C. Vietnam D. Kuwait7._can declare presidential actions unconstitutional.A. the Supreme Court B. The congress C. House of Representatives D. Senate8. In Britain , children from the age 5 to 16 _.A. can legally receive complete free educationB. can legally receive partly free educationC. cannot receive free education at allD. cannot receive free education of their parents are rich. 9. The Industrial Revolution stated in_A. the Great Britain B. the United States C. Canada Australian10. What is the name of Britains highest mountain?A. Anne Boleyn B .Ben Nevis C. Snow donia D. ScafellPart two reading TXET A How to EnrollYou may enroll in person at the College between 09:00 and 19:00 on Monday to Thursdayduring term time, and between 09:00 and 17:00 in student holiday periods.Payment of feesFees may be paid in cash, by cheque (payable to Braintree College)or credit/debit cards.FeesFees are shown against each programme in this brochure. Where the qualification fee is optional an additional fee is listed. This fee must be paid at enrollment if you wish to take the examination or assessment. Examination /assessment fees are non-refundable.Home students aged 16-18 at 31 August 2003are entitled to free tuition and qualification fees (subject to satisfactory attendance) Where fees for a listed programme exceed 100 payment may be made in two installments, one at the beginning and one half way through the programme. An additional arrangement fee of 20 will be payable at enrollment.RefundsA full refund is given if the College cancels a course. No refund or reduction in fees can be made if a student chooses to leave a course through their own choice. Refunds can only be offered in exceptional circumstances and cannot be guaranteed. In cases of severe hardship or serious illness refunds are at the discretion of the Assistant Principle Chris Cohen. The fees in this brochure apply to persons who have been settled in the UK or European Union and have been ordinarily resident for three years prior to 01 September 2003.If this does not apply to you, please contact the Enquiries Desk on 01376 557020 for further information.Statement 1. Student fees can be paid by debit cards.A.TRUE B. FALSE C.NOT GIVEN 2. If a student is not satisfied with his /her performance in the examination ,a refund of the examination fee can be arranged.A.TRUE B. FALSE C.NOT GIVEN3. Home student aged 16-18 at 31 August 2003do not have to pay any tuition or qualification fees.A.TRUE B. FALSE C.NOT GIVEN4. The college offers scholarships to outstanding students.A.TRUE B. FALSE C.NOT GIVEN5. If a student wants to pay course fees in installments, he or she has to pay an additional arrangement fee at registration A.TRUE B. FALSE C.NOT GIVENTEXT BWe had been wanting to expand our children's horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike anything we'd been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what was possible from Geneva, where we are based, we decided on a trip to Istanbul, a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones, perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year, but thought our 11- and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevards and pristine monuments.What we didn't foresee was the reaction of friends, who warned that we were putting our children “in danger,“ referring vaguely, and most incorrectly, to disease, terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving. Friendly warnings didn't change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U.S. State Department's list of trouble spots. We didn't see a lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see “every single“ church and museum in a given city.Vaccinations weren't needed for the city, but we were concemed about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth, a precaution that may seem excessive, but we all stayed healthy. Taking the advice of a friend, we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbul's major tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise, strolling over the Karakoy Bridge, but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen, vendors and shoe shiners. From a teenager and pre-teen's view, Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar, where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost.For our two, whose buying experience consisted of department stores and shopping mall boutiques, it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price and perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira, not a small matter with its many zeros.Being exposed to Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especially the enormous Blue Mosque, was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our children's curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city, and the scarves covering the heads of many women. Navigating meals can be troublesome with children, but a kebab, bought on the street or in restaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would suit the adults' desire to try something new amid children's insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties. Although our son had studied Islam briefly, it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that might come up, such as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi, the Ottoman Sultans' palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself, using our guidebook, which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide. Next time, we resolved to make such arrangements in advance.On this trip, we wandered through the magnificent complex, with its imperial treasures, its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily lef to a learned third party.11. The couple chose Istanbul as their holiday destination mainly becauseA. the city is not too far away from where they lived.B. the city is not on the list of the U.S. State Department.C. the city is between the familiar and the exotic.D. the city is more familiar than exotic.12. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. The family found the city was exactly what they had expected.B. Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.C. They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.D. They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.13. We learn from the couple's shopping experience back home thatA. they were used to bargaining over price.B. they preferred to buy things outdoors.C. street markets were their favourite.D. they preferred fashion and brand names.14. The last two paragraphs suggest that to visit places of interest in IstanbulA. guidebooks are very useful.B. a professional guide is a must.C. one has to be prepared for questions.D. one has to make arrangements in advance.15. The family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPTA. religious prayers.B historical buildings.C. local-style markets.D. shopping mall boutiques. TEXT CLast month the first baby-boomers turned 60. The bulky generation born between 1946 and 1964 is heading towards retirement. The looming “demographic cliff“ will see vast numbers of skilled workers dispatched from the labour force.The workforce is ageing across the rich world. Within the EU the number of workers aged between 50 and 64 will increase by 25% over the next two decades, while those aged 20-29 will decrease by 20%. In Japan almost 20% of the population is already over 65, the highest share in the world. And in the United States the number of workers aged 55-64 will have increased by more than half in this decade, at the same time as the 35- to 44-year-olds decline by 10%.Given that most societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a looming problem of knowledge management, of making sure that the boomers do not leave before they have handed over their expertise along with the office keys and their e-mail address. A survey of human-resources directors by IBM last year concluded: “When the baby-boomer generation retires, many companies will find out too late that a career's worth of experience has walked out the door, leaving insufficient talent to fill in the void.“ Some also face a shortage of expertise. In aerospace and defence, for example, as much as 40% of the workforce in some companies will be eligible to retire within the next five years. At the same time, the number of engineering graduates in developed countries is in steep decline.A few companies are so squeezed that they are already taking exceptional measures. Earlier this year the Los Angeles Times interviewed an enterprising Australian who was staying in Beverly Hills while he tried to persuade locals to emigrate to Toowoomba, Queensland, to work for his engineering company there. Toowoomba today; the rest of the developed world tomorrow?If you look hard enough, you can find companies that have begun to adapt the workplace to older workers. The AARP, an American association for the over-50s, produces an annual list of the best employers of its members. Health-care firms invariably come near the top because they are one of the industries most in need of skilled labour. Other sectors similarly affected, says the Conference Board, include oil, gas, energy and government. Near the top of the AARP's latest list comes Deere about 35% of Deere's 46,000 employees are over 50 and a number of them are in their 70s. The tools it uses to achieve that flexible working(17D), telecommuting, and so forth(17A) - also coincidentally help older workers to extend their working lives. The company spends “a lot of time“ on the ergonomics of its factories, making jobs there less tiring, which enables older workers to stay at them for longer.Likewise, for more than a decade, Toyota, arguably the world's most advanced manufacturer, has adapted its workstations to older workers. The shortage of skilled labour available to the automotive industry has made it unusually keen to recruit older workers. BMW recently set up a factory in Leipzig that expressly set out to employ people over the age of 45. Needs must when the devil drives. Other firms are polishing their alumni networks. IBM uses its network to recruit retired people for particular projects. Ernst and even fewer are looking to them to fill another gap that has already appeared. Many firms in Europe and America complain that they struggle to find qualified directors for their boards - this when the pool of retired talent from those very same firms is growing by leaps and bounds.Why are firms not working harder to keep old employees? Part of the reason is that the crunch has been beyond the horizon of most managers. Nor is hanging on to older workers the only way to cope with a falling supply of labour . The participation of developing countries in the world economy has increased the overall supply - whatever the local effect of demographics in the rich countries. A vast amount of work is being sent offshore to such places as China and India and more will go in future. Some countries, such as Australia, are relaxing their immigration policies to allow much needed skills to come in from abroad. Others will avoid the need for workers by spending money on machinery and automation.16. According to the passage, the most serious consequence of baby-boomers approaching retirement would beA. a loss of knowledge and experience to many companies.B. a decrease in the number of 35- to 44- year-olds.C. a continuous increase in the number of 50-to 64-year-olds.D. its impact on the developed world whose workforce is ageing.17. The following are all the measures that companies have adopted to cope with the ageing workforce EXCEPTA. making places of work accommodate the needs of older workers.B. using alumni networks to hire retired former employees.C. encouraging former employees to work overseas. D. granting more convenience in working hours to older workers.18. “The company spends 'a lot of time' on the ergonomics of its factories“ (Paragraph Seven) means thatA. the company attaches great importance to the layout of its factories.B. the company improves the working conditions in its factories.C. the company attempts to reduce production costs of its factories.D. the company intends to renovate its factories and update equipment.19. In the author's opinion American firms are not doing anything to deal with the issue of the ageing workforce mainly becauseA. they have not been aware of the problem.B. they are reluctant to hire older workers.C. they are not sure of what they should do.D. they have other options t