2021年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A卷）*学科、专业名称：翻译硕士专业 研 究 方 向： 英语笔译考试科目名称： 翻译硕士英语 考试科目代码：211考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。 I. Vocabulary & Grammar (30%) Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. This problem should be discussed first, for it takes _ over all the other issues. A.precedenceB.prosperity C.presumptionD.probability2. When you prepare for your speech, be sure to cite _ qualified sources of information and examples. A.manipulatedB.unbiasedC.distortedD.conveyed3. Turning cultivated land back into forests or pasture is a fundamental way to stem soil _ and desertification in the long run. A.erosion B.depletionC.violationD.delusion4. In that country, a person who marries before legal age must have a parents_to obtain a license. A.sanctionB.warrantC.malignanceD.affirmation5. The discrepancy in the company accounts is so _that no auditor could have failed to notice it. A.spontaneousB.conspicuousC. notoriousD.superfluous6. Furthermore, if I were to leave him, he would _, for he cannot endure to be separated from me for more than one hour. A. prevail B. preside C. perish D. persecute7. Childhood can be a time of great insecurity and loneliness, during which the need to be accepted by peers _ great significance. A. takes on B. works out C. brings about D. gives in 8. The book might well have _ had it been less expensive. A. worked outB. gone through C. caught onD. fitted in9. Ill have to _ this dress a bit before the wedding next week.A. let off B. let go C. let loose D. let out10. The integration of staff for training has led to a good exchange of ideas, greater enthusiasm, and higher staff _. A. moral B. mortal C. morale D. mores 11. Artificial intelligence deals partly with the _ between the computer and the human brain. A. profile B. mighty C. analogy D. leakage 12. These natural resources will be _ sooner or later if the present rate of exploitation continues.A. depleted B. deployed C. inclined D. mingled 13. It is not _much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand. A. that B. as C. so D. very14. Human choice, not the intrinsic content of science, determines the outcome and scientists, as human beings, therefore have a special responsibility to provide council rooted in _. A. expiration B. explanation C. expertise D. expenditure15. Stocks are not goods they merely are _, exchanging current cash flows from future ones.A. conducts B. conductionC. conduitsD. products16. A product is to be regarded as being _ when introduced into another country at less than its normal value. A. discharged B. discarded C. disposed D. dumped17. The government decided to take a _ action to strengthen the market management. A. diverse B. durable C. epidemic D. drastic 18. Inflation will reach its highest in a decade across most of Asia this year, threatening to _ recent productivity gains.A. reverse B. reserve C. retrieve D. revise19. The students seldom wash their own clothes; _ they help their parents do some housework. A. rather than do B. much less do C. much more do D. much less 20. In linking geographically disparate people, the Internet is arguably helping millions of spontaneous communities to bloom: communities defined by common interests rather than by the accident of _. A. affluence B. reciprocity C. contemporariness D. proximity21. Mr. Browns condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will _. A. pull back B. pull through C. pull up D. pull out22. Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the United States _ Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production. A. as was B. than was C. than did D. as did 23. A _ negative attitude of the engineers toward projects funded by his company is the cause of the delay of signing the contract.A. perpetual B. pernicious C. preventive D. pervasive 24. _, domesticated grapes grow in clusters, range in color from pale green to black, and contain sugar in varying quantities.A. Their botanical classification as berries B. Although their botanical classification as berries C. Because berries being their botanical classificationD. Classified botanically as berries 25. Nothing is so uncertain as the fashion market where one style _ over another before being replaced.A. dominates B. manipulates C. overwhelms D. prevails 26. Some of the paintings formerly _ the Italian Renaissance artist are now thought to have been created by one of his students.A. submitted to B. adapted from C. denied by D. attributed to27. It is absolutely essential that William _ his study in spite of some learning difficulties. A. will continue B. continued C. continue D. continues 28. People who suffer from _, for example, tend to have difficulties gauging facial cues, so their attention is less influenced by where somebody is looking. A. autism B. assertiveness C. extroversion D. sociability 29. Were starting to realize that magicians have a lot of implicit knowledge about how we perceive the world around us because they have to deceive us in terms of controlling attention, exploiting the _ we make when we do and dont notice a change in our environment. A. imaginations B. conceptions C. perceptions D. assumptions30. The hospital denies there is any connection between the disciplinary action and Dr. Reids _ about health problems. A. allegiance B. alliance C. allegations D. alliterationII. Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: This part consists of two sections. In Section A, there are four passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. In Section B, there is one passage followed by a total of 5 short-answer questions. Read the passages and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Section A Multiple-Choice Questions (30%)Passage 1Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Three hundred years ago news travelled by word of mouth or 1etter, and circulated in taverns and coffee houses in the form of pamphlets and newsletters. “The coffee houses particularly are very roomy for a free conversation, and for reading at an easier rate all manner of printed news,” noted one observer. Everything changed in 1833 when the first mass-audience newspaper, The New York Sun, pioneered the use of advertising to reduce the cost of news, thus giving advertisers access to a wider audience. The penny press, followed by radio and television, turned news from a two-way conversation into a one-way broadcast, with a relatively small number of firms controlling the media.Now, the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house. The internet is making news more participatory, social and diverse, reviving the discursive characteristics of the era before the mass media. That will have profound effects on society and politics. In much of the world, the mass media are flourishing. Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009. But those global figures mask a sharp decline in readership in rich countries.Over the past decade, throughout the western world, people have been giving up newspapers and TV news and keeping up with events in profoundly different ways. Most strikingly, ordinary people are increasingly involved in compiling, sharing, filtering, discussing and distributing news. Twitter lets people anywhere report what they are seeing. Classified documents are published in their thousands online. Mobile phone footage of Arab uprisings and American tornadoes is posted on social-networking sites and shown on television newscasts. Social-networking sites help people find, discuss and share news with their friends.And it is not just readers who are challenging the media elite. Technology firms including Google, Facebook and Twitter have become important conduits of news. Celebrities and world leaders publish updates directly via social networks; many countries now make raw data available through “open government” initiatives. The internet lets people read newspapers or watch television channels from around the world. The web has allowed new providers of news, from individual bloggers to sites, to rise to prominence in a very short space of time. And it has made possible entirely new approaches to journalism, such as that practiced by WikiLeaks, which provides an anonymous way for whistleblowers to publish documents. The news agenda is no longer controlled by a few press barons and state outlets.In principle, every liberal should celebrate this. A more participatory and social news environment, with a remarkable diversity and range of news sources, is a good thing. The transformation of the news business is unstoppable, and attempts to reverse it are doomed to failure. As producers of new journalism, individuals can be scrupulous with facts and transparent with their sources. As consumers, they can be general in their tastes and demanding in their standards. And although this transformation does raise concerns, there is much to celebrate in the noisy, diverse, vociferous, argumentative and stridently alive environment of the news business in the ages of the internet. The coffee house is back. Enjoy it.31. According to the passage, what initiated the transformation of coffee-house news to mass-media news?A. The appearance of big mass media firms.B. The emergence of advertising in newspapers.C. The popularity of radio and television.D. The increasing number of newspaper readers.32. Which of the following statements best supports “Now, the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house”?A. Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6between 2005 and 2009.B. People in the Western world are giving up newspapers and TV news.C. Classified documents are published in their thousands online.D. More people are involved in finding, discussing and distributing news.33. According to the passage, which is NOT a role played by information technology?A. Challenging the traditional media.B. Planning the return to coffee-house news.C. Providing people with access to classified files.D. Giving ordinary people the chance to provide news.34. In “The coffee house is back”, coffee house best symbolizes _.A. the changing characteristics of news audienceB. the more diversified means of news distributionC. the participatory nature of newsD. the more varied sources of news35. The authors tone in the last paragraph towards new journalism is _.A. optimistic and cautious B. supportive and skepticalC. doubtful and reserved D. ambiguous and cautiousPassage 2Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx, once widely spoken on the Isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europes regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the countrys three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline, Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nations symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Wel