昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A卷)考试科目代码：357 考试科目名称 ：英语翻译基础 考生答题须知1 所有题目（包括填空、选择、图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。2 评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。3 答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔作答（画图可用铅笔），用其它笔答题不给分。4 答题时不准使用涂改液等具有明显标记的涂改用品。I. Translate the following proper nouns, abbreviations and technical terms into Chinese. (15 scores)1. BRICS Summit2. IAEA3. ASEAN4. CD-ROM5. NATO6. Chinese Academy of Social Sciences7. Jerry-built Projects8. Excess Land Reclamation9. Nuclear Proliferation10. Real-name Registration11. GATT12. Ride-hailing Industry Overhaul13. APEC14. Taxation Authority15. Chinese Koi Fish II. Translate the following proper nouns, abbreviations and technical terms into English. (15 scores)1. 自由贸易区2. 直播3. 孵化器4. 孔子学院5. 尾气排放6. 贸易壁垒7. 中小企业8. 中草药9. 共享单车10. 主旨演讲11. 国际空间站12. 代购13. 性价比14. 国务院15. 流动人口III. Translate the following English into Chinese. (60 scores)Without a steady supply of fresh blood, without the oxygen it carries, the human brain is quickly impaired. In four minutes, brain cells, starved for oxygen, begin to die, and serious brain damage results. In another few minutes, the brain is completely destroyed.This was the crux of a stubborn problem. The heart could not be taken out of action for more than four minutesvery little time to repair a heart defect. Until a solution could be found, operating on the 昆明理工大学2019年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题open heart would be impossible.Then two major advances pointed the way to open-heart surgery. One was hypothermia, the artificial lowering of the body temperature. Body tissues need far less oxygen when the body is chilled. A “frozen”brain, for example, requires only half as much oxygen as one with a normal body temperature of 98.6 Fahrenheit. This means it can do without fresh blood for longer than four minutes and not suffer damage. In 1950, a Canadian professor, Wilfred G. Bigelow of the University of Toronto made this important discovery, and he immediately saw that hypothermia might give heart surgeons the chance “to operate on a bloodless heart”. With hypothermia, a surgeon could clamp off arteries leading to the heart and stop blood flowing into it. He could open the heart, drain it of excess blood, and operate in a“dry field”for more than five minutes. Two years later Dr. Floyed John Lewis of the University of Minnesota tried open-heart surgery with hypothermia. The day after the operation his five-year-old patient was walking, and she was discharged from the hospital ten days later. The future of heart surgery looked bright. But hypothermia could not be used safely in long and intricate heart surgery. During hypothermia, the heart sometimes lost its regular pumping beat. It fibrillated, or fluttered and trembled uselessly; and this fibrillation could cause death if the beat could not be restored.IV. Translate the following Chinese into English. (60 scores)气候变化对全球自然生态系统产生显著影响，温度升高、海平面上升、极端气候事件频发给人类生存和发展带来严峻挑战。中国是拥有13多亿人口的发展中国家，是遭受气候变化不利影响最为严重的国家之一。中国正处在工业化、城镇化快速发展阶段，面临着发展经济、消除贫困、改善民生、保护环境、应对气候变化等多重挑战。积极应对气候变化，努力控制温室气体排放，提高适应气候变化的能力，不仅是中国保障经济安全、能源安全、生态安全、粮食安全以及人民生命财产安全，实现可持续发展的内在要求，也是深度参与全球治理、打造人类命运共同体、推动全人类共同发展的责任担当。第 2 页 共 2页