浙江工商大学2021年全国硕士研究生入学考试试卷（B）卷考试科目：615综合英语总分：（150分）考试时间；3小时题号项目分值IVocabulary & Structure30分nReading Comprehension50分inRhetorical Knowledge30分IVProofreading & Error Correction20分VCloze20分I. Vocabulary & Structure (30%)Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B C and D. Choose one that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. Franz has a stem upbringing that in him a powerful sense of duty.A. injectedB. inhaledC. implemented D. instilled2. In 1981, the Chinese-American architect Ieoh Ming Pei was to redevelop the public part of the Louvre, and thus designed the famous Glass Pyramid.D. denouncedA. commissioned B. announced C. commentated3. The cars are self by electric motors with power pickup via distribution bars mounted on the side of the guideway.A. promotedB. proceeded C. pushedD. propelled4. The research shows that fathers can some of the mother-daughter tension and serve as mediators.A. diffuseB. defuseC. defyD. destabilize5. To satisfy local tastes, products ranging from Heinz ketchup to Cheetos chips are tweaked, , and reflavored.A. refurbished B. reimbursed C. reformulated D. reoriented6. This place will really for sustainable development of cities for the coining decades.A. set forthB. set the sceneC. set the timeD. set in7. The forest was so thick that the team had to their way through it.A. wriggleB. waggleC. stumbleD. sway8. Hofburg is a of buildings constructed at different times and in different styles, from Baroque, Gothic to Renaissance and Rococo.A. moundB. jumbleC. herdD. list9. Im traveling on a narrow railway through the High Andes.A. gaugeB. gleeC. glossD. goal10. The clinical psychologist who specializes in women and adolescent girls says mother-daughter conflicts start with the of the daughters puberty.A. optionB. outcastC. onsetD. odds11. Academy Award-winning British actor Ben Kingsley announced the winners at a international show at Portugals largest venue.A. glitteringB. blazingC. glitzyD. giddy12. We need moments of slowness in this high-tech 24/7 technology- society.A. drenchedB. submergedC. overwhelmedD. inundated13. Do you know how many households are to take part in this recycling program?A. affordableB. responsibleC. applicableD. eligible14. The giuup leader could not fiiiu aexcuse for ills iiOt ielliiig uie ifuili. A. legalB. legitimateC. legendaryD. lethal15. Exposed beans, skylights, and blond wood furniture give the 30-seat restaurant a bright, modem feel while preserving the Chinese characteristics the neighborhood.A. befittingB. surroundedC. surroundingD. befit16. We were all amazed at the hues of lavender, rose and amber in the sky.A. pulsateB. pulsatingC. pulsatesD. pulsated17. The leading doctor urged that all citizens precautions to fight against winter flu thisyear.D. must takeA. takeB. tookC. taking18. If I to her last night, I what to do right now.A. talked; should knowB. had talked; should knowC. talked; should have knownD. had talked; should have known19. To remove the barriers of communications among the peoples of the world, many linguists have embarked the study of a new universal language.D. atA./B.onC.offsoon.D. over20. Dont sit up and work too hard at night or you will be worn outA.apartB.upC.21. the snake in superstitious awe.Long have held humans Humans have long held needed in her office.B. wereC. wasD. to beneeds doesnt enable ones body to function better, overfillingA. Humans have held longB.C. Have humans long heldD.22. The manager said to her yesterday that a clerk and secretary A. beB. wereC. was23. Eating more than onean oil-lamp makes it much brighter.24. A.B.C.D.A. no more than B. not more than C. any more than D. less than is something we can take for granted.To overdrink is harmful to our healthOverdrinking is harmful to our healthThat overdrinking is harmful to our healthIt is harmful to our health to overdrink25. Daisy, indignation.A. whoB. with whom C. whomD. to whom26. No matter , she exerts herself and makes efforts to do better.A. how she does anything wellB. how she does anything goodC. how well she does anythingD. what a good thing she has. done27. So little that the roommates could not settle their disparities.John very soon communicated the chief cause of all these, heard it in silent答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效第3页（共14页）A. they did agree B. did they agree C. agreed did they D. they agreed28. The old lady stood at the door, basket in hand and her coat .A. was streaked with mudB. streaking with mudC. streaked with mudD. was streaking with mud29. He told me that I the offer of the company by next Wednesday.A. was to get B. will getC. would have got D. would get30. On seeing the spicy soup served, she started complaining about the service of the restaurant as she the waitress that she didnt like anything pungent.A. toldB. had toldC. was telling D. has toldII. Reading Comprehension (50%)Directions: Read the following 5 passages carefully, and choose the best answer to each question from the four choices given. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1Anyone who has played cards with a poker-faced opponent can appreciate how difficult it is to detect a liar. Surprisingly, technology doesnt help very much. Few experts display much confidence in the deception-detecting abilities of the polygraph, or lie detector. Geoffrey C. Bunn, Ph.D., a psychologist and polygraph historian at Canadas York University, goes so far as to describe the lie detector as “an entertainment device" rather than a scientific instrument. Created around 1921 during one of the first collaborations between scientists and police, the device was quickly popularized by enthusiastic newspaper headlines and by the element of drama it bestowed in movies and novels.But mass appeal doesnt confer legitimacy. The problem with the polygraph, say experts like Bunn, is that it detects fear, not lying; the physiological responses that it measuresmost often heart rate, skin conductivity, and rate of respiration_on5t necessarily accompany dishonesty.“The premise of a lie detector is that a smoke alarm goes off in the brain when we lie because were doing something wrong," explains Saxe. "But sometimes were completely comfortable with our lies." Thus a criminaTs lie can easily go undetected if he has no fear of telling it. Similarly, a true statement by an innocent individual could be misinterpreted if the person is sufficiently afraid of the examination circumstances. According to Saxe, the best-controlled research suggests that lie detectors err at a rate anywhere from 25 to 75 percent. Perhaps this is why most state and federal courts wont allow polygraph "evidence".Some studies suggest that lies can be detected by means other than a polygraphby tracking speech hesitations or changes in vocal pitch, for example, or by identifying various nervous adaptive habits like scratching, blinking, or fidgeting. But most psychologists agree that lie detection is destined to be imperfect. Still, researchers continue to investigate new ways of picking up lies. While studying how language patterns are associated with improvements in physical health, James W. Pennebaker, Ph.D., a professor of psychology at Southern Methodist University, also began to explore whether a persons choice of words was a sign of deception. Examining data gathered from a text analysis program, Pennebaker and SMU colleague Diane Berry, PhD., determined that there are certain language patterns that predict when someone is being less than honest. For example, liars tend to use fewer first person words like I or my in both speech and writing. They are also less apt to use emotional words, such as hurt or angry, cognitive words, like understand or realize, and so-called exclusive words, such as but or without, that distinguishbetween what is and isnt in a categoiy.While the picture of lying that has emerged in recent years is far more favorable than that suggested by its biblical "thou shalt not" status, most liars remain at least somewhat conflicted about their behavior. In the studies of Bella DePaulo, Ph.D., a psychologist at the University of Virginia, participants described conversations in which they lied as less intimate and pleasant than truthful encounters, suggesting that people are not entirely at ease with their deceptions. That may explain why falsehoods are more likely to be told over the telephone, which provides more anonymity than a face-to-face conversation. In most cases, however, any mental distress that results from telling an everyday lie quickly dissipates. Those who took part in the diary study said they would tell about 75 percent of their lies again if given a second chancea position no doubt bolstered by their generally high success rate. Only about a fifth of their falsehoods were discovered during the one-week study period.Certainly anyone who insists on condemning all lies should ponder what would happen if we could reliably tell when our family, friends, colleagues, and government leaders were deceiving us. Its tempting to think that the world would become a better place when purged of the deceptions that seem to interfere with our attempts at genuine communication or intimacy. On the other hand, periiaps our social lives would collapse under the weight of relentless honesty, with unveiled truths destroying our ability to connect with others. The ubiquity of lying is clearly a problem, but would we want to will away all of our lies? Lefs be honest.1. According to Bunn, what is the problem with the polygraph?A. The problem is that it makes liars feel fear.B. The problem is that it detects fear, not lying.C. The problem is that lie detectors err at a rate anywhere from 25 to 75 percent.D. The problem is that sometimes were completely comfortable with our lies.2. What do most psychologists agree?A. They agree that lies can be detected by tracking speech hesitations or changes in vocal pitch.B. They agree that lies can usually be detected by the polygraph.C. They agree that lie detection is destined to be imperfect.D. They agree that a persons choice of words was a sign of deception.3. What did Pennebaker and SMU colleague Diane Berry NOT find in their study?A. Language patterns are often associated with deception.B. Liars tend to use fewer firet person words like I or my.C. Liars do not have a preference for cognitive words, like understand or realize.D. Liars are more apt to use emotional words to connect with others.4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The author argues that lying is both a problem and a tool for strengthening rapport.B. The autlior concludes that lying will not destroy our ability to connect with otliers.C. The author claims that lying is avoidable sometimes.D. The author insists on peoples being honest.5. What do you think is the best title for this passage?A. Detecting Lies. B. Creating Lies.C. Explaining Lies. D. Justifying Lies.答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效第4页（共“页）Passage 2Public housing in Hong Kong is a set of mass housing programs through which the Government, of Hong Kong provides affordable housing for lower-income residents. It is a major component of housing in Hong Kong, with nearly half of the population now residing in some form of public housing. The public housing policy dates to 1954, after a fire in Shek Kip Mei destroyed thousands of shanty homes and prompted the government to begin constructing homes for the poor.Public housing is mainly built by the Hong Kong Housing Authority and the Hong Kong Housing Society. Rents and prices are significantly lower than those for private housing and are heavily subsidized by the government, with revenues partially recovered from sources such as rents and charges collected from car parks and shops within or near the residences.Many public housing estates are built in the new towns of the New Territories, but urban expansion has left some older estates deep in central urban areas. They are found in every district of Hong Kong except in Wan Chai District. The vast majority of public housing are provided in high-rise buildings, and recent blocks usually comprise 40 or more storeys.In 1963, due to the rapid escalation of squatter numbers, squatters eligibility fbr public housing was frozen, and future squatter areas came under licensing per the 1964 White Paper. The settlements of these squatters on the urban fringe were cleared in order to provide housing and industrial sites. With the formation of this ad hoc resettlement scheme, it later evolved into a policy tool to support the burgeoning manufacturing industry. The Housing Board was set up with the role of coordinating between agencies responsible fbr domestic housing. It made recommendations to have annual evaluations of supply and demand of housing, as well as increasing the minimum standard floor area per person to 35 sq ft (3.3 m2).Lower Ngau Tau Kok Estate, built between 1967 and 1970, was among the first group of resettlement estates built with lifts. All blocks were 16-floor high, and lifts from the ground floor could reach the 8th and the 13th floors.In 1975, the Government officially opened the Oi Man Estate. The blocks were built in twin-tower layout with two square blocks interlocked together. There were sixteen large and small units on each floor of the block, and each flat with its own kitchen and toilet inside. The housing estate was also built on a concept of "a little town within a city”. The estate of 6,200 flats, constructed on a site of 21 acres (85,000 m2) and capable of housing 46,000 people, offered a self-contained environment complete with commercial amenities ranging from markets and barber shops to banks. This represented an innovation in that the commercial premises would serve the local estate, while paying a rent determined by public tender. Banks, restaurants, and other large premises would be iet out on a five-year contract, competing on a monthly rental offered, while tenants for smaller premises would compete on premium paid based on fixed monthly rentals. Unlike the generations of housing estates which preceded it, there would be designated market stalls and cooked-food stalls. Street vendors would no longer be tolerated.In 1980, the government launched the first batch of public housing in the Home Ownership Scheme, thereby allowing low-income families to own their homes for the first time.A new town to be constructed on 240 hectares of reclaimed fishponds and wetland was conceived in 1987 to house 140,0