第 1 页 共 7 页 大连外国语大学硕士研究生入学考试（初试） 综合英语考试大纲 大连外国语大学综合英语考试是为本校招收英语语言文学专业和外国语言及应用语言学专业研究生设置的具有选拔性质的统一入学考试科目。考试内容以英语语法、词汇、语篇阅读等应用综合知识和能力测试为主。遵循科学、公平、规范的原则，以利于本专业考生择优录取，确保研究生的入学质量。 I. 考查目标 综合英语旨在科学、公平、有效地测试考生的英语语言综合素养，保证英语专业硕士研究生的入学质量。考试主要考查考生对英语语法、词汇、语篇等方面知识的掌握情况，同时考查考生的英语阅读书面表达等语言技能。考生应具有一定的分析能力及较强的语言表达能力，能运用英语语言知识和技能去分析、判断及解决相关专业性问题。 II. 考试形式与试卷结构 一、试卷满分及考试时间 试卷满分为150分，考试时间为180分钟。 二、答题方式 闭卷、笔试。 三、试卷内容结构 1. 本试卷共有四部分组成。 2. 第I、IV（Section A）部分为客观题，占试卷的30%； 3. 第II、III、IV（Section B、C、D）部分为主观题，占试卷的70%。 四、试卷题型结构 1. Grammar others were positioned beside roads as resting places for travelers. As their name suggests, stepwells comprise a series of stone steps descending from ground level to the water source (normally an underground aquifer) as it recedes following the rains. When the water level was high, the user needed only to descend a few steps to reach it; when it was low, several levels would have to be negotiated. Some wells are vast, open craters with hundreds of steps paving each sloping side, often in 第 5 页 共 7 页 tiers. Others are more elaborate, with long stepped passages leading to the water via several storeys. Built from stone and supported by pillars, they also included pavilions that sheltered visitors from the relentless heat. But perhaps the most impressive features are the intricate decorative sculptures that embellish many stepwells, showing activities from fighting and dancing to everyday acts such as women combing their hair or churning butter. Down the centuries, thousands of wells were constructed throughout north-western India, but the majority have now fallen into disuse; many are derelict and dry, as groundwater has been diverted for industrial use and the wells no longer reach the water table. Their condition hasnt been helped by recent dry spells: southern Rajasthan suffered an eight-year drought between 1996 and 2004.However, some important sites in Gujarat have recently undergone major restoration, and the state government announced in June last year that it plans to restore the stepwells throughout the state. In Patan, the states ancient capital, the stepwell of Rani Ki Vav (Queens Stepwell) is perhaps the finest current example. It was built by Queen Udayamati during the late 11th century, but became silted up following a flood during the 13th century. But the Archaeological Survey of India began restoring it in the 1960s, and today it is in pristine condition. At 65 metres long, 20 metres wide and 27 metres deep, Rani Ki Vav features 500 sculptures carved into niches throughout the monument. Incredibly, in January 2001, this ancient structure survived an earthquake that measured 7.6 on the Richter scale. Another example is the Surya Kund in Modhera, northern Gujarat, next to the Sun Temple, built by King Bhima I in 1026 to honour the sun god Surya. It actually resembles a tank (kund means reservoir or pond) rather than a well, but displays the hallmarks of stepwell architecture, including four sides of steps that descend to the bottom in a stunning geometrical formation. The terraces house 108 small, intricately carved shrines between the sets of steps. Rajasthan also has a wealth of wells. The ancient city of Bundi, 200 kilometres south of Jaipur, is renowned for its architecture, including its stepwells. One of the larger examples is Raniji Ki Baori, which was built by the queen of the region, Nathavatji, in 1699. At 46 metres deep, 20 metres wide and 40 metres long, the intricately carved monument is one of 21 baoris commissioned in the Bundi area by Nathavatji.In the old ruined town of Abhaneri, about 95 kilometres east of Jaipur, is Chand Baori, one of Indias oldest and deepest wells; aesthetically its perhaps one of the most dramatic. Built in around 850 AD next to the temple of Harshat Mata, the Baori comprises hundreds of zigzagging steps that run along three of its sides, steeply descending 11 storeys, resulting in a striking pattern when seen from afar. On the fourth side, verandas which are supported by ornate pillars overlook thesteps. Still in public use is Neemrana Ki Baori, located just off the JaipurDelhi highway. Constructed in around 1700, it is nine storeys deep, with the last two being underwater. At ground level, there are 86 colonnaded openings from where the visitor descends 170 steps to the deepest water source. Today, following years of neglect, many of these monuments to medieval engineering have been saved by the Archaeological Survey of India, which has recognized the importance of 第 6 页 共 7 页 preserving them as part of the countrys rich history. Tourists flock to wells in far-flung corners of north-western India to gaze in wonder at these architectural marvels from hundreds of years ago, which serve as a reminder of both the ingenuity and artistry of ancient civilizations and of the value of water to human existence. A. Multiple Choices Directions: Choose the best answer that can complete the sentence from the four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. 1. During the sixth and seventh centuries, the invention of stepwells had a range of the following functions except for _. A. It is a method of gaining access to fresh groundwater for drinking and bathing. B. It is a method of gaining access to fresh groundwater for watering animals. C. Some stepwells were located in or near villages as religious rituals for all villagers. D. Some stepwells were positioned beside roads as resting places for travelers. B. Sentence Paraphrase Directions: Paraphrase the following sentences which are underlined from Paragraphs Two and Five in plain English. Answers are written on the ANSWER SHEET. 1. However, the significance of this inventionthe stepwellgoes beyond its utilitarian application. 2. But perhaps the most impressive features are the intricate decorative sculptures that embellish many stepwells, showing activities from fighting and dancing to everyday acts such as women combing their hair or churning butter. C. Short-answer questions Directions: Answer the following questions with no more than two sentences based on text one. 1. Which part of some stepwells provides shade for people? 2. Who are frequent visitors to stepwells nowadays? PASSAGE FOUR Mans youth is a wonderful thing: it is so full of anguish and of magic and he never comes to know it as it is, until it has gone from him forever. It is the thing he cannot bear to lose, it is the thing whose passing he watches with infinite sorrow and regret, it is the thing whose loss with a sad and secret joy, the thing he would never willingly relive again, could it be restored to him by any magic. Why is this? The reason is that the strange and bitter miracle of life is nowhere else so evident as in our youth. And what is the essence of that strange and bitter miracle of life which we feel so poignant, so unutterable, with such a bitter pain and joy, when we are young? It is this: 第 7 页 共 7 页 that being rich, we are so poor; that being mighty, we can yet have nothing; that seeing, breathing, smelling, tasting all around us the impossible wealth and glory of this earth, feeling with an intolerable certitude that the whole structure of the enchanted life the most fortunate, wealthy, good, and happy life that any man has ever known is ours is ours at once, immediately and forever, the moment that we choose to take a step, or stretch a hand, or say a word- we yet know that we can really keep, hold, take, and possess forever- nothing. All passes; nothing lasts: the moment that we put our hand upon it , it melts away like smoke, is gone forever, and the snake is eating at our heart again; we see then what we are and what our lives must come to. A young man is so strong, so mad, so certain, and so lost. He has everything and he is able to use nothing. He hurls the great shoulder of his strength forever against phantasmal barriers, he is a wave whose power explodes in lost mid oceans under timeless skies, here-aches out to grip a fume of painted smoke, he wants all, feels the thirst and power for everything, and finally gets nothing. In the end, he is destroyed by his own strength, devoured by his own hunger, impoverished by his own wealth. Thoughtless of money or the accumulation of material possessions, he is none the less defeated in the end by his own greed a greed that makes the avarice of King Midas seem paltry by comparison. And that is the reason why, when youth is gone, every man will look back upon that period of his life with infinite sorrow and regret. It is the bitter sorrow and regret of a man who knows that once he had a great talent and wasted it, of a man who knows that once he had a great treasure and got nothing from it, of a man who knows that he had strength enough for everything and never used it. D. Summary Writing Directions: Summarize the main ideas of the passage in Chinese with at most 120 words.