共 10 页 第 1 页 2018 年湖南农业大学 612 基础英语硕士招生自命题科目试题科目名称及代码：612 基础英语 适用专业(领域）：外国语言学及应用语言学考生需带的工具： 考生注意事项：所有答案必须做在答题纸上，做在试题纸上一律无效；按试题顺序答题，在答题纸上标明题目序号。I. Paraphrase（20 points, 2 points each）Write your answer on the answer sheet1.We can batten down and ride it out.2. The electrical systems had been killed by water.3. Serious-looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them.4. The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.5. Even the self-assurance of Ogilvie flickered for an instant.6. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot.7. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.8. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love.9. A nice enough young fellow, you know, but nothing upstairs.10. Children dodged in and out, their high calls rising like the swallows' crossing flights over the music and the singingII. Vocabulary and Grammar（20 points, 1 point each）Decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1.which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. why dont you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. for all his efforts, he didnt get an A.D. her eyes were red from excessive reading.2.Nancys gone to work but her cars still there. She by bus.A. must have gone B. should have gone C. ought to have gone D. could have gone 共 10 页 第 2 页 3.He feels that he is not yet to travel abroad.A. too strong B. enough strong C. so strong D. strong enough4. After seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel managers office.A. that B. it C. what D. there5. Fool Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. who B. as C. like D. that6 Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone_ an opportunity to hear the speech.A ought to have B must have C may have D should have7. I am surprised_ this city is a dull place to live in.A that you should think B by what you are thinking C that you would think D with what you were thinking8. Susan is very hardworking, but her pay is not_ for her work.A enough good B good enough C as good enough D good as enough9. It is imperative that the government _ more investment into the shipbuilding industry.A attracts B shall attract C attract D has to10. Land belongs to the city; there is _ thing as private ownership of land.A no such a B not such C not such a D no such11. The team has been working overtime on the research project .A. lately B. just now C. late D. long ago12. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remained .A. motionless B. inactive C. stagnant D. immobile13. The police had difficulty in the fans from rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.A. limiting B. restraining C. confining D. restricting 14. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final to her speech.A. details B. remarks C. comments D. touches15. His in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.A. indulgence B. habit C. action D. engagement16. Theyve lifted a two-year-long economic on the country. A. enclosure B. restriction C. blockade D. prohibition 17. Everyone is surprised that she has fallen out with her boy friend. The underlined part means . A. left B. quarreled C. attacked D. defeated 18. His plan is carefully prepared and full of details, so it is a very one. A. elaborate B. refined C. ambitious D. complex 19. The girls voice was so low that we could hear her. A. seldom B. almost C. only D. barely 20. She must have been pretty to fall for such an old trick. A. interested B. gullible C. enthusiastic D. shrewdIII. Cloze (30 points, 1.5 points each）Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage in the corresponding blanks. Mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. In every cultivate language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, 共 10 页 第 3 页 comprise the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words 1 which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we 2 , that is to say, from the 3 of our own family and from our familiar associates, and 4 we should know and use 5 we could not read or write. They 6 the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who 7 the language. Such words may be called “popular”, since they belong to the people 8 and are not the exclusive 9 of a limited class.One the other hand, our language 10 a multitude of words which are comparatively 11 used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little 12 to use them at home or in the market-place. Our 13 acquaintance with them comes not from our mothers 14 or from the talk of our school-mates, 15 from books that we read, lectures that we 16 , or the more formal conversation of 17 educated speakers who are discussing some particular 18 in a style appropriately elevated above the habitual 19 of everyday life. Such words are called “learned ”, and the 20 between them and “popular ” words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.1. A) at B) with C) by D) simulate2. A) study B) imitate C) simulate D) learn3. A) members B) relatives C) mates D) fellows4. A) which B) that C) those D) ones5. A) in spite of B) despite C) even if D) even6. A) make B) concern C) use D) exclude7. A)say B) apply C) practice D) speak8. A) in public B) at most C) at large D) at best9. A) right B) privilege C) share D) possession10. A) includes B) comprises C) excludes D) evolves11. A) seldom B) much C) frequently D) irregularly12. A) prospect B) way C) necessity D) occasion13. A) chance B) first C) own D) direct14. A) tongue B) mouth C) lips D) words15. A) besides B) and C) or D) but16. A) listen B) attend to C) hear D) hear of17. A) greatly B) deeply C) highly D) high18. A) theme B) topic C) problem D) question19. A) level B) degree C) extent D) scope20. A) comparison B) distinction C) contrast D) similarityIV. Reading（ 40 points, 2 points each）Read the following passages and answer the multiple-choice questions; decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1It was 1961 and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didnt know enough to really care. My older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy multi-共 10 页 第 4 页 family house in Detroit. We watched TV every night, the background noise of our lives was gunfire and horses hoofs from “Wagon Train” or “Cheyenne”, and laughter from “I love Lucy” or “Mister Ed”. After supper, wed sprawl on Moms bed and stare for hours at the tube.But one day mom changed our world forever. She turned off the TV. Our mother had only been able to get through third grade. But she was much brighter and smarter than we boys knew at the time. She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned-books. So she came home one day, snapped off the TV, sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. “you boys are going to read two books every week,” she said, “and youre going to write me a report on what you read.”We moaned and complained about how unfair it was. Besides, we didnt have any books in the house other than Moms Bible. But she explained that we would go where the books were. “Ill drive you to the library.”So pretty soon there were these two peevish boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library. I wandered reluctantly among the children books. I loved animals, so when I saw some books that seemed to be about animals, I started leafing through them.It didnt dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page.Soon I began to look forward to visiting this hushed sanctuary from my other world. I moved from animals to plants, and then to rocks. Between the covers of all those books were whole worlds, and I was free to go anywhere in them. Along the way a funny thing happened: I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too. I got to the point where I couldnt wait to get home to my books.Now my older brother is an engineer and I am chief of pediatrics neurosurgery at John Hopkins Childrens Center in Baltimore. Sometimes I still cant believe my lifes journey, from a falling and indifferent student in a Detroit public school to this position, which takes me all over the world to teach and perform critical surgery.But I know when the journey began- the day Mom snapped off the TV set and put us in her Oldsmobile for that drive to the library.1. we can learn from the beginning of the passage that .A. the author and his brother had done poorly in schoolB. the author had been very concerned about his school workC. the author had spent much time watching TV after school D. the author had realized how important schooling was 2. The mother was to make her two sons switch to reading books.A. hesitant B. unprepared C. reluctant D. determined3. How did the two boys feel about going to the library at first?A. they were afraid B. They were reluctantC. They were indifferent D. They were eager to go4. the author began to love books for the following reasons EXCEPT that .A. he began to see something in his mindB. he could visualize what he read in his mindC. he could go back to read the books again共 10 页 第 5 页 D. he realized that books offered him new experience.Passage 2Predicting the future is always risky. But its probably safe to say that at least a few historians will one day speak of the 20th century as Americas “Disney era”. Today, its certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that represents modern America as powerful as the company that created Mickey Mouse. Globally, brands like Coca-Cola and Mcdonalds may be more widely known, but neither concludes 20th-century America in quite in the same way as Disney.The reason for Disneys success are quite a lot, but ultimately the credit belongs to one person-the man who created the cartoon and built the company from nothing, Walt Disney. Ironically, he could not draw particularly well. But he was a genius in other aspects. In business, his greatest skills were his insight and his management ability. After setting himself up in Hollywood, he singly-handedly pioneered the concepts of branding and merchanding - something his company still does brilliantly today.But what really distinguished Disney was his ability to identify with his audiences. Disney always made sure that his films portrayed the “little boy”. He achieved this by creating characters that reflected the hopes and fears of ordinary people.Disneys other great virtue was the fact that his company-unlike other big companies-had a human face. His Hollywood studio-the public heard-operated just like a democracy, where everyone was on first-name terms and had a say in how things should be run. He was also regarded as a great patriot because not only did his cartoons praise America, but, during World War II , his studios made training films for American soldiers.The reality, of course, was not so perfect. As the public would later learn, Disneys patriotism had an unpleasant side. After a strike by cartoonists in 1941, he agreed to work for the FBI secretly, identifying and spying on colleagues who he suspected were anti-government.Nut, apart from his affiliations with the FBI, Disney was more or less the genuine article. A new book, The Magic Kingdom: Walt Disney and the American Way of Life, confirms that he was very definitely on the side of ordinary people. In the 30s and 40s he voted for Franklin Roosevelt, believing he was a leader of the workers. Also, Disney was not an apologist for the FBI, as some have suggested. In fact, he was suspicious of large, bureaucratic organizations, as is evidenced in films like That Damned Cat. By the time he died in 1966, Walt Disney was as famous as Thomas Edison and the Wright Brothers. To business people and filmmakers, he was a role model; to the public, he was “Uncle Walt|-the man who had entertained them all their lives, the man who represented all that was good about America.5. Walt Disney is believed to possess the following abilities EXCEPT .A. painting B. creativity C. management D. merchandising6. According to the passage, what was the pleasant side of Disneys patriotism?A. he sided with ordinary Americans in his films.B. he supported Americas war efforts in his own way.C. he had doubts about large, bureaucratic organizations.D. he voted for Franklin Roosevelt in the 30s and 40s.7. In the 6th paragraph the sentence “Disney was more or less the genuine article” means that .A. Disney was a creative and capable person.共 10 页 第 6 页 B. Disney once agreed to work for the FBI.C. Disney ran his company in a democratic way.D. Disney was sympathetic with ordinary people.8. The writers attitude toward Walt Disney can best be described as .A. sympathetic B. objective C. critical D. skepticalPassage 3In order to “ change lives for the better“ and reduce “ dependency,“ George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “ upfront work search“ scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefitand then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker's allowance. “Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on. “ he claimed. “ We're doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on