12018 年上海海事大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（重要提示：答案必须做在答题纸上， 做在试题上不给分）考试科目代码： 211 考试科目名 称：翻译硕士英语1. Part 1 Vocabulary and structure (30%)Directions: There are 30 sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C,and,D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. This television set is an improvement earlier models.A. with B. by C. on D. for2. We are our holiday pictures on to a screen so that lots of people can see them at the same time.A. reflecting B. casting C. throwing D. projecting3. Nevertheless,tasks and duties are the central feature, and should therefore be considered as a separate in themselves.A. result B.effect C. issue D. outcome4. Leadership is the heart of the managerial process, because it initiating action.A.involves B.engages C.consists D.contains5. Small firms are counting the of sickness among employees.A.cost B.price C.charge D.expense6. The most common of absence was minor illness, such as colds or flu.A.reason B.symptom C.cause D.motive7.These days in business, people have to face many challenging questions and implementing new projects in underdeveloped areas of the countryside.A.designing B.conspiring C.drawing D.scheming28. The project was carried out with disturbance last summer.A.bare B.smallest C.least D.minimal9. One of the most important features in any business is communication. Good communications are required at all of the business process.A.stages B.grades C.parts D.degrees10. Have you made up your mind yet where you are going to spend your holiday?A. so that B.such as C.as to D. in case11.The firm is looking for a new for another branch office.A. spot B. point C. scene D. site 12.Water is to fish air is to man.A.that B. which C. what D. how13. is often the case with a new idea, much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produce no concrete proposals.A. As B. That C. Which D. What14. This book has been in the works so long that I have lost of most of the sources found for me by the staff of the library. A. trace B. trail C. track D. touch 15.The audience waited in silence while their aged speaker searched among his note for the figures he could not remember.A. respective B. respect C. respectful D. respectable16. Modern appliances us from a good deal of household work. For instance, the dryer frees us from hanging the laundry.A.escape B . benefit C. liberate D. comfort 317. Market research, in with a number of other approaches in marketing, suffers from the frequent complaint that it is not really accurate.A.association B.common C.addition D.connection18. If you have ever been told by your boss to improve you knowledge of a foreign language youll know that doesnt come quickly.A.gain B.result C.success D.outcome19. No other business course is as and the unique radio-magazine format is as instructive as it is entertaining.A.adjustable B.flexible C.convertible D.variable20. Her new mobile phone costs her the one she bought last year.A.twice B. twice as much as C. twice more than D. as much twice as 21.There is scarcity of teachers in the countryside. People have become teachers. A.not better like you B.as not good as youC.no better than you D.better not than you22. Could you tell me the name of the ?A. ugly,little,yellow, fly-like insectB. little, ugly,yellow,fly-like insectC. yellow,little,ugly,fly-like insectD. yellow,fly-like,ugly,little insect23. She had an operation on her breast for cancer two years ago, but she is .A. very good B. very well C.in good condition D.quite healthy24. On this desk, you will find a clock,which was the only thing left to him by his father.A. little exquisite antique SwissB. exquisite antique little SwissC. little antique exquisite SwissD. Swiss little antique exquisite425. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.A. in this way B. in that C. in which D. in order to26. trouble, I shall forget the whole thing.A. Rather than caused B. Than rather causedB. C. Than rather causing D. Rather than cause27. The man sitting opposite me smiled dreamily, as if something pleasant in the past. A. to remember B. remembered C. having been remembered D. remembering 28. Reading efficiency means the of a reading task within an appropriate time frame and with appropriate comprehension.A. accomplishment B.committed C.contentment D.complement29.The payment that the motorist will have to effect will be to the amount of the damage he has done to the other persons car.A. applicable B.comparable C. proportional D.attributed30. People including scientists still explain many of the natural .A.phenomenon B.phenomenons C. phenomena D.phenomenasPart II Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Items 31-35 are based on the following passage:Labor MarketIn economics, labor is a measure of the work done by human beings. It is conventionally contrasted with such other factors of production as land and capital. It is always treated as a5commoditysomething bought and sold in the marketplace. And the wage rate, which a firm pays for an hour of labor, is regarded as the price of that commodity.Of course, labor is different from other things that are traded. First, sellers of other commodities do not care who buys their product, as long as they get the market price. Sellers of labor, on the other hand, care very much who buys their labor, because that firm becomes their employer. This gives sellers of labor an interest in working conditions, friendly coworkers, commuting distance, possibilities for advancement, prestige, a sense of fulfillment and more. A second distinct feature of labor is the special meaning of the price in this market: the wage rate. Most of the incomes people earn over their lifetimes will come from their jobsfrom selling their laborso their wage rate will determine how well they can feed, clothe, house, and otherwise provide for themselves and their families. Differences in wages thus bring up vital issues of equity and fairness in the economy.Labor markets may be local or national (even international) in their scope and are made up of smaller, interacting labor markets for different qualifications, skills, and geographical locations. They depend on exchange of information between employers and job seekers about wage rates, conditions of employment, level of competition, and job location.Labor Market EquilibriumThe demand for labor has increased because of technological change and the accumulation of capital. Many people are surprised about the fact. They see new technologies destroying jobs, not creating them. Downsizing became catchword of the 1990s as the computers and information age took hold and eliminated millions of “good” jobs, even of managers. So how can it be that technological change creates jobs and increase the demand for labor?Technological change destroys some jobs and creates others. But it creates more than it destroys, and on average the new jobs pay more than the old ones did. But to benefit from the advances in technology, people must acquire new skills and change their jobs. For example, during the past 15 years, the demand for typists has fallen almost to zero. But the demand for people who can type (on a computer rather than a typewriter) and do other things as well has increased. And the output of these people is worth more than that of a typist. So the demand for people with typing skills has increased.The supply of labor has increased because of population growth and technological change and capital accumulation in the home. The mechanization of home production of fast-food preparation services ( the freezer and the microwave oven) and laundry services (the automatic washer and dryer and drip drying clothing) has decreased the time spent on activities that once were full-time jobs inside the home and has led to a large increase in the supply of labor. As a result, the supply of labor has steadily increased, but a slower pace than the demand for labor.Because technological advances and capital accumulation have increased demand by more than the population growth and technological change in home production has increased supply, both wage and employment have increased. But not everyone has shared in the advancing