2017 年考研英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different， with academics， writers， and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital， and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort， one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give their lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 todays unemployed dont seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the rate for 7 Americans. Also， some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality， mental-health problems， and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today， the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days， because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers， people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard days work， I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says， adding， “In a world in which I dont have to work， I might feel rather different”perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1. A boasting B denying C warning D ensuring答案C warning2. A inequality B instability C unreliability D uncertainty答案A inequality3. A policy Bguideline C resolution D prediction答案D prediction4. A characterized Bdivided C balanced Dmeasured答案A characterized5. A wisdom B meaning C glory D freedom答案B meaning6. A Instead B Indeed C Thus D Nevertheless答案B Indeed7. A rich B urban Cworking D educated答案C working8. A explanation B requirement C compensation D substitute答案A explanation9. A under B beyond C alongside D among答案D among10. A leave behind B make up C worry about D set aside答案C worry about11. A statistically B occasionally C necessarily D economically答案C necessarily12. A chances B downsides C benefits D principles答案B downsides13. A absence B height C face D course答案A absence14. A disturb B restore C exclude D yield答案D yield15. A model B practice C virtue D hardship答案C virtue16. A tricky B lengthy C mysterious D scarce答案D scarce17. A demands B standards C qualities D threats答案A demands18. A ignored B tired C confused D starved答案B tired 19. A off B against C behind D into答案D into20. A technological B professional C educational D interpersonal答案B professional试题精析答案 C warning考点：上下文语义理解解析：空格之后的宾语从句部分“technology is replacing human workers.”结合选项，应该选择 warning。其他三项 A boasting B denying D ensuring均不符合此处的语境要求，故均排除。答案A inequality考点：上下文语义理解空格单词后面的句意看到了贫富对比，故作为上文对其进行概括关键应选择inequality。答案D prediction考点：时态判断空格之后的内容 “holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，”该定语从句是对空格词汇的修饰与说明，既然文中用到了 will 这一个表示将来时态的助动词，故答案为 prediction。答案A characterized考点：后置定语 + 固定搭配one 4 by purposelessness。其他三项均不符合，故排除。5.答案 B meaning考点：句间语义理解Without jobs to give their lives 5 ， people will simply become lazy and depressed.空格所在句后面的表述与空格前的内容属于并列关系，由逗号连接。答案选择meaning。A wisdom C glory D freedom 这些选项都表示褒义色彩和后面 lazy、depressed 矛盾。6. 答案 B Indeed考点：上下文逻辑关系分析下四个选项可以看出并无体现因果关系 故A Thus 排除，另外instead，nevertheless 表示转折语意，但是上下文逻辑并无体现。 故AInstead C Thus D Nevertheless 均排除。7.答案 C working考点：上下文语义理解One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression， double the rate for 7 Americans.根据上下文对比的语意对照应该选择 working。前面提到 unemployed 。此处在进行对比，故选择表示反义呼应的词 working。8.答案 A explanation考点：句内语意理解+固定搭配some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality， mental-health problems， and addicting 9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs.答案D among考点：句内语义理解、介词辨析很明显应该指前者的发生范围。浏览四个选项，among“在.中” 表示范围，符合此处语义需要，故为答案。答案C worry about考点：上下文语义理解+句内语义理解Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.答案C necessarily考点：上下文逻辑关系+句内语义理解But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.But 表示转折语意。 doesn't necessarily 不一定。符合此处语意需要，故为答案。12.答案 B downsides考点：上下文语义理解 后置定语Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.答案的线索在于空格后面的介词短语，后面提到 being unemployed。这是贬义。其他选项均不符条件。答案 A absence考点：词汇复现In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.答案D yield考点：词汇的一词多义与搭配In the 13 of work， a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.该空格所选词汇的主语是a society 宾语是 different circumstances.根据主谓一致的原则应该选择 yield。语义为：产生。15.答案 C virtue考点：上下文语义理解overblown.一词为解题线索。含义：吹散 吹倒 表贬义。后面的内容 Many jobs are boring， degrading， unhealthy， and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher， a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.是对这句话的进一步解释，结合前后的上下文语义理解，应选择 virtue，其他选项均排除。16. 答案 D scarce考点：上下文语义理解because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers， people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.结合常识认知及上下文理解应该选择 scarce。17. 答案 A demands考点：上下文语义理解根据语义的要求，浏览选项，只有 demands 符合语义要求。18. 答案 B tired 考点：上下文语义理解+常识“When I come home from a hard days work， I often feel 18 ，” Danaher says， adding， “In a world in which I dont have to work， I might feel rather different”.19. 答案 D into考点：固定搭配+句内语义理解perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.“Throw oneself into .”意思是：一头扎进；投身于，积极从事20.答案 B professional考点：复现+呼应perhaps different enough to throw himself into a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.此处空格处答案和前面的 intensity 形成呼应与关联。故此处 professional 符合语义需要，入选。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points ）Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic “legacy“ is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the runup to 2012but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.“ The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots“, concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goodsmaking sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21.【题干】According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_.【选项】Agained great popularityBcreated many jobsCstrengthened community tiesDbecome an official festival【答案】A【解析】由题干中的关键词 According to Paragraph 1, 可以快速的定位到文中的第一段，第一段讲了每周六大约有五万多人都会在他们当地的公园里跑步，跑步的年龄跨度之大：从 4 岁的小朋友到祖父母年纪的人都有；跑步所用的时间跨度也很大：从世界纪录的 13 分 48 秒到一个小时。由此可见，这是一个全民运动，与 A 选项的 great popularity 相互对应，所以选 A. 其他选项，B 创造了很多就业机会；C 增强了社会的凝聚力；D 成为一个官方的节日；这几个选项原文中都没有涉及，所以排除。22.【题干】The author believes that London's Olympic “legacy“ has failed to_.【选项】Aboost population growthBpromote sport participationCimprove the city's imageDincrease sport hours in schools【答案】B【解析】可以发现原文中第二段第一句话 Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic “legacy” is failing 与题干中的关键词 Londons Olympic “legacy” has failed to.对应，所以可以锁定文章的第二段，从而找出解题的关键。第二段前半部分讲了在最初的时候 Olympic 的目标，然而，事实却事与愿违， .but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. 由这句话可以看出，Olympic 并没有推动大众的参与性，与预期的目标不符，所以选择 B。23.【题干】Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_.【选项】Aaims at discovering talentsBfocuses on mass competitionCdoes not emphasize elitismDdoes not attract first-timers【答案】C【解析】由题干中的关键词 Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that.可以知道这是想考察 Parkrun 和 Olympic 的区别。追溯到原文，可以看到文中的第三段第一句话：Parkrun is not a race but a time trial.从这句话可以排除 A 和 B，因为 A 和 B 都和竞争有关，D 选项可以从这一段的这一句话：there is much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is .可知，Parkrun有很多第一次参加的人，所以排除 D. 最后可以知道，答案选 C，因为 parkrun不是比赛，所以就不重视精英主义。24.【题干】With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_.【选项】Aorganize “grassroots“ sports eventsBsupervise local sports associationsCincrease funds for sports clubsDinvest in public sports facilities【答案】D【解析】由题干中的关键词 the governments should.,可以知道，命题人想要考察的是对于 Parkrun 这一项大众运动，政府应该做点什么。所以，考生要快速的定位到原文中有关政府的段落，即第四段，If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goodsmaking sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. 从这里可以知道，作者希望政府能够为 Parkrun 提供场所和钱，并针对学校制定相关条例以鼓励全民运动。由此可以排除 A，B，C. 最终选择 D。25.【题干】The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_.【选项】AtolerantBcriticalCuncertainDsympathetic【答案】B【解析】由题干中的关键词 the authors attitude to what UK government have done for sport 可以再次锁定原文中关于政府的部分，可见这一题与 24 题是有一定联系的。第四段一开始作者提出了自己对政府的期许，但是事实上，政府却没有达到这一期许。But successive government have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. 政府负责卖地，从地方政府压榨金钱，不重视学校的体育运动。可见，此处作者指责政府的一系列行为，由此可以得出答案 B. tolerant:宽容的，容忍的； uncertain：含糊的，不确定的；sympathetic ：同情的，赞同的。Text 2With so much focus on childrens use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsiveas they often are when absorbed in a deviceit can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention. “Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,“ says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “Its based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that say