欢 迎 报 考 广 东 财 经 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 ， 祝 你 考 试 成 功 ！ （ 第 1 页 共 17 页 ）1广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考 试 年 度 ： 2019年 考 试 科 目 代 码 及 名 称 ： 613-英 语 水 平 考 试 (自 命 题 )适 用 专 业 ： 050201 英 语 语 言 文 学 友 情 提 醒 ： 请 在 考 点 提 供 的 专 用 答 题 纸 上 答 题 ， 答 在 本 卷 或 草 稿 纸 上 无 效 ！ 一 、 Gap Filling 选 词 填 空 （ 用 单 词 列 表 选 词 完 成 段 落 ） （ 30 题 ， 每题 1 分 ， 共 30分 ）Passage One: fill in the gaps with the proper form of given wordspose, exaggerate, accelerate, extinct, exist, perception， wealthy,magnify, starve, head, run, predict, abundant, conception, reduceFor many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They havedeveloped a hit list of our main fears: natural resources are 1 out? The population isever growing, leaving less and less to eat? Species are becoming 2 in vast numbers,and the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other naturalresources have become more 3 not less so, since the book 'The Limits to Growth' waspublished in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 4of the world's population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 5 . Third,although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expectedto disappear in the next 50 years, not 2550%, as has so often been 6 . And finally,most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been 7 , or are transient -associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not byrestricting economic growth, but by 8 it. One form of pollution - the release ofgreenhouse gases that causes global warming - does appear to be a phenomenon thatis going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to 9 adevastating problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriateresponse to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmentalstandards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 10and reality.欢 迎 报 考 广 东 财 经 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 ， 祝 你 考 试 成 功 ！ （ 第 2 页 共 17 页 ）2Passage Two: fill in the gaps with the proper form of given wordstransplant, solution, gradually, transport, elemental, conflict, continually, mobile,couple, agriculture, including, compromise, require, primary, consistThe typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerousother dependents as well-grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins. Such “extended“families were suited for survival in slow paced 11 societies. But such families arehard to 12 . They are immobile.Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land inpursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family 13shed its excess weight and the so-called “nuclear“ family emerged-a stripped-down,portable family unit 14 only of parents and a small set of children. This new stylefamily, far more 15 than the traditional extended family, became the standard modelin all the industrial counties.Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-technological development, 16even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future tocarry the streamlining process, a stepfather by remaining children, cutting the familydown to its more 17 components, a man and a woman. Two people, perhaps withmatched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through education and socialstatus, through job changes and geographic relocations, than the ordinarilychild-cluttered family.A 18 may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and womentoday are often torn in 19 between a commitment to career and a commitment tochildren. In the future, many 20 will sidestep this problem by deferring the entire taskof raising children until after retirement.Passage Three: fill in the gaps with the proper form of given wordstip , slight, examine, specify, nuisance, associate, sensitive, indicate,superior， suspicious, peak, abundant, treat, prohibit, visual, prevent欢 迎 报 考 广 东 财 经 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 ， 祝 你 考 试 成 功 ！ （ 第 3 页 共 17 页 ）3A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, butthese creatures have some 21 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 22 , but they are just the latest in along line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despitehaving a brain no bigger than the 23 of your index finger, pigeons have a veryimpressive 24 memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be asaccurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often 25 with spreading disease rather than 26 it, but this long-tailed animalis highly 27 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors ,whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect 28smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB. When the rats detectthe smell, they stop and rub their legs to 29 a sample is infected.Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 30,but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely onspecialist equipment. It is also more accurate the rats are able to find more TBinfections and, therefore, save more lives.二 、 Proofreading and error correction 改 错 题 (15题 ， 每 题 2分 ， 共 30 分 )Passage OneThree passions have governed my life: the longing for love, the search into knowledge,and the unbearable _1_pity for the suffering of mankind. I have sought of love, first,because it brings ecstasy-ecstasy so great because I would often have_2_sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it,next, because it relieves loneliness-that terrible loneliness which one shiveringconsciousness _3_looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomablelifeless abyss. I have sought it, then, because in the _4_union of love I have seen, ina mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven where saints and poets_5_have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good forhuman life, this is what-at last-i have found.欢 迎 报 考 广 东 财 经 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 ， 祝 你 考 试 成 功 ！ （ 第 4 页 共 17 页 ）4With equal passionate I have sought knowledge. I have wished _6_to understandthe hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine.A little this, but notmuch, I have achieved. _7_Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, ledupward toward the heavens. But it always pity brought _8_me back to earth.Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims torturedby oppressors, helpless old people-a hated burden to their sons, and the whole worldof loneliness, poverty and pain make a mock of what _9_human life should be. Ilong to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I havefound it worth of living, and would gladly live it again if the chance _10_wereoffered me.Passage TwoSince 1965, when is equipment became operational, a device called Eros has beenhelped to make sky traffic_11_safe. Eros is short for Eliminate Range ZeroSystemrange zero meaning collision. Basically Eros is a computer system measures,with great speed and precision, closing_12_speed ( the speed at which two objectsare approaching each other ) and range (the distance apart of the objects ).Eros canwarn aircraft approachable each other at jet_13_speeds and can provide protectionfor as many as a thousand aircraft in wide area. The pilot of an Erosequipped aircraftheading for a collision hear a warning noise in his earphones_14_when his airbornecomputer calculates that he is within thirty seconds or half a mile ( whichever occursfirst ) of other aircraft._15_At the same time, a flashing red arrow on the device'sindicator panel instructs him to descend. Simultaneously, in the other aircraft, thesignal is automatically reversed: the flashing arrow tells the pilot to climb. The newerEros II system can accommodate a total of two thousand aircraft at one time within a140mile radius. Every three seconds, each Erosequipped plane automaticallyreports to ground stations and to similarly equipped aircraft its precise range, altitudeand approach rate. The producers of Eros, the McDonnell Dougals Corporation in theU.S., are now studying the fitting of Eros and will do more make the sky safer: theywill also lighten the work of airtraffic controllers and increase the efficiency ofairports.欢 迎 报 考 广 东 财 经 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 ， 祝 你 考 试 成 功 ！ （ 第 5 页 共 17 页 ）5三 、 SentenceCompletion 完 成 句 子 （ 根 据 提 供 的 词 ， 用 合 适 的 形 式完 成 句 子 ） （ 15 题 ， 每 题 2 分 ， 共 30 分 ）1. The on a car or other vehicle is the system of gears and shafts by which thepower from the engine reaches and turns the wheels. (transmit)2. If the warranty is limited, the terms may you to a replacement or refund.（ title）3. If someone or something is for a particular event or situation, they are thecause of it or they can be blamed for it. (responsibility)4.As the day set for drew near, I told my wife that I could not accompany them.(depart)5. He was acting out his feelings of by being overly aggressive. (inferior)6.You have no idea of the of it, I was going completely mad and I wouldn't havestuck it so I knew I had to leave. (awe)7. I knew from the beginning that there was no for what I was doing. (justify)8. He further his activity by convincing himself that he was actuallypromoting peace. (rational)9. I honestly don't know how I will react the next time I meet a dangeroussituation. (potential)10. I have a particular responsibility to I make the right decision. (sure)11. He seemed so sure of his decision, how could he flip-flop so now? (dramatic)12. Independent thinking is an absolute in study. (necessarily)13.Funding also will increase the , quality, and relevance of basic education.(access)14. One of the main design concerns was the building's environmental andappropriation. (adapt)15. It is significantly more compact than any laptop, with no loss infunctionality. (compare)欢 迎 报 考 广 东 财 经 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 ， 祝 你 考 试 成 功 ！ （ 第 6 页 共 17 页 ）6四 、 ReadingComprehension 阅 读 理 解 （ 30 题 ， 每 题 2 分 ， 共 60 分 ）Passage OneTo understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the differencebetween marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentratedprimarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasivesalesmanship“ to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production andselling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them intomoney.Marketing, on the other hand focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with firstanalyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods thatwill satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketingconcept which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest toproduce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what theconsumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfactionis given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to everybusiness transaction-the firm and the customer-and each must be satisfied before tradeoccurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest routeto profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example ofthe importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when CocaCola changed the flavor of its drink. The nonacceptance of the new flavor by asignificant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the ClassicCoke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!1.The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essenceA) a form of persuasive salesmanship.B) the customer-centred approach.C) making goods available for purchase.D) the practice of turning goods into money.2.What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept waswidely accepted?A) The needs of the market.B) The preferences of the dealer,C) The efficiency of production.欢 迎 报 考 广 东 财 经 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 ， 祝 你 考 试 成 功 ！ （ 第 7 页 共 17 页 ）7D) The satisfaction of the user.3. According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible“(Line 3,Para.l) meansA) to redesign these goods for large-scale production.H) to transport goods as efficiently as possible.C) to sell the largest possible amount of goods.D) to dispose of these goods in large quantities.4.What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.B) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.C) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.D) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.5. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses onA) its social impact.B) its theoretical basis.C) its possible consequence.D) its main characteristic.Passage TwoThe majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rationalmodel of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimatinglikelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implementthe decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executivesrely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problemsthat require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and tointegrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicingmanagers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poorgrasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it asan excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg's recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals thatmanagers' intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at leastfive distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second,managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. Thisintuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice andhands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesizeisolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha!欢 迎 报 考 广 东 财 经 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 ， 祝 你 考 试 成 功 ！ （ 第 8 页 共 17 页 ）8experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of morerational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysismodels and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisionsare occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter totheir sense of the correct course