2019年暨南大学研究生入学试题706语言水平测试A卷(final).pdf
考 试 科 目 : 外 语 ( 英 ) 水 平 考 试 共 11 页 第 1 页2019 年 招 收 攻 读 硕 士 学 位 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 试 题 ( A 卷 )*学 科 、 专 业 名 称 : 外 国 语 言 文 学研 究 方 向 : 英 语 语 言 文 学 、 外 国 语 言 学 及 应 用 语 言 学考 试 科 目 名 称 : 外 语 ( 英 ) 水 平 考 试 考 试 科 目 代 码 : 706考 生 注 意 : 所 有 答 案 必 须 写 在 答 题 纸 ( 卷 ) 上 , 写 在 本 试 题 上 一 律 不 给 分 。Part I. Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentencethere are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes thesentence and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1. The district _ was established by the government a few years ago.A. council B. counsel C. console D. consul2. Heavy rainfall in the south of England means that flooding is_.A. imminent B. momentous C. transient D. prospective3. Early studies often concluded that the public was _ the propagandistic influence ofmass communications, but one recent study indicates that, on the contrary, masscommunications seldom produce marked changes in social attitudes or actions.A. unaware of B. scornful of C. susceptible to D. coping with4. This composer has never courted popularity: her rugged modernism seems to defy rather than to_ the audience.A. ignore B. discount C. teach D. woo5. _, we have to adopt new measures to solve the problem.A. So is the situation B. That being the caseC. That is the case D. The situation is so6. The school agree to _ their decision until they had spoken to the young boys parents.A. convert B. retain C. deter D. expel7. When a psychologist does a general experiment on the human mind he selects people_and asks them questions.A. at length B. at random C. in essence D. in bulk8. She is careful with her money, and spends only a _ of her earnings.A. fragment B. section C. fragrant D. fraction考 试 科 目 : 外 语 ( 英 ) 水 平 考 试 共 11 页 第 2 页9. Proposed changes that are not _ with exiting safety regulations will not be considered.A. dependent B. compliant C. relating D. supportive10. Please note that customs regulations do not permit the shipment of _ items.A. perishable B. compatible C. sustainable D. incredible11. Reporters and photographers alike took great _at the rude way the actor behavedduring the interview.A. annoyance B. offence C. resentment D. irritation12. Advances in food preservation gave consumers in developed countries access to_allfoods grown in distant lands.A. extensively B. virtually C. artificially D. continually13. The music aroused an_feeling of homesickness in him.A. intrinsic B. intentional C. intermittent D. intense14. An institution that properly carries the name university is a more comprehensive and complexinstitution than any other kind of higher education_.A. settlement B. establishment C. construction D. structure15. “If we fail to act now,” said Tom, “Well find ourselves _in action later on.”A. paid back B. paid for C. paid up D. paid off16. If you want children to work hard you must _their interests instead of their sense ofduty.A. appeal to B. look into C. give rise to D. go in for17. I really appreciate _ to help me, but I am sure that I will be able to manage by myself.A. that you offer B. you to offerC. your offering D. that you are offering18. Heredity accounts for 50% to 60% of a womans _ to alcoholism, about the same asfor men.A. devastation B. vulnerability C. pharmacy D. fibrosis19. Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they didnt _ to closeexamination.A. keep up B. put up C. stand up D. pay up20. The ink had faded with time and so parts of the letter were _.A. illiterate B. illegible C. illegitimate D. illegal21. Policeman _ very busy.A. nearly are always B. always are nearly考 试 科 目 : 外 语 ( 英 ) 水 平 考 试 共 11 页 第 3 页C. always nearly are D. are nearly always22. The media once portrayed the governor as anything but ineffective; they now, however, makeher out to be the epitome of _.A. fecklessness B. brilliance C. dynamism D. egoism23. The girl was sorry to _ the singers when she arrived at the airport.A. be missed B. being missedC. have been missed D. have missed24. The greatest obstacle to economic and environmental improvements in the developingcountries is their _ foreign debts.A. reminiscent B. degenerative C. mammoth D. ethical25. Materials presenting permanent deformations after the disappearance of the loads are said_ plastically.A. to have behaved B. behaving C. to behave D. behavior26. The best way to control rats is by seeing that they have as _.A. possibly little nourishment B. nourishment possible littleC. little as possible nourishment D. little nourishment as possible27. Oceans play a major role in climate, often serving to _ extremes of hot or cold.A. exacerbate B. temper C. conceal D. obscure28. _ is intrinsic to language, but writers should nevertheless strive to be as precise aspossible.A. Equivocation B.Ambiguity C. Malapropism D. Innuendo29. The fact that irony is _ means that the listener (or reader) who “gets it” is able tofeel superior to those who do not understand it.A. subtle B. humorous C. situational D. generic30.All the flights _because of the snowstorm, we had to take the train instead.A. were canceled B. had been canceledC. having canceled D. having been canceled考 试 科 目 : 外 语 ( 英 ) 水 平 考 试 共 11 页 第 4 页Part II. Proof-reading and Error Correction( 10 points)Directions:Proofread the given passage as instructed. The passage contains TEN errors.Each indicated line contains a maximum ONE error. In each case, only ONE word isinvolved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word Underline the wrong and write the correct one in the blankprovided on the answer sheet.For a missing word Mark the position of the missing word with a “ ” signand write the word you believe to be missing in the blankprovided on the answer sheet.For an unnecessary word Cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put theword in the blank provided on the answer sheet.What is the advantage which we may hope to derive astudy of the political writers of the past? An earlier viewwould have provided a simple answer to this question.Aworkof politics, it would have been said, is the handbook of an art,the art of governing. Just as a man of superior skill in the artof carpentry may compile a work in which his skill is madeavailable to those who inspire to be good carpenters, so a manof inferior wisdom in the art of politics may set down hisknowledge in a book for the construction of those whosebusiness it is to find, govern, or preserve states. If this is whatpolitical theory is, there is no difficulty in determining whatadvantage may be expected from the study of great politicalworks. They will be insulted by those who have to governstates. But this is certainly not the advantage which a modernreader can be compromised from a study of their works. Thisentire conception of politics as an art and of the politicalphilosopher as the teacher of it rests upon assumptions whichit is possible to accept. If it were correct, the writers ofpolitical theory would need to be themselves past masters inthe art of governing, and statesmen would need to apprenticethemselves to them in order to learn their job. But we find thatthis is not so. Few political philosophers have themselvesexhibited any master of the art of governing, and fewsuccessful statesmen have owed up their success to the studyof political writings.1 . _2 . _3 . _4 . _5 . _6 . _7 . _8 . _9 . _1 0 . _考 试 科 目 : 外 语 ( 英 ) 水 平 考 试 共 11 页 第 5 页Part III. Cloze (20 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. You are required to read thepassage and fill in each bank with a word from the word bank, and change the formwhere necessary. Do not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Write youranswers on the ANSWER SHEET.combing intricate heyday churning utilitarian pillars tiers descendingpaving relaxation irrigation architecturally dotted craters level positionedinhabitants access aquifer passagesDuring the sixth and seventh centuries, the 1 of the modern-day states of Gujaratand Rajasthan in North-western India developed a method of gaining 2 to clean, freshgroundwater during the dry season for drinking, bathing, watering animals and 3 . However,the significance of this invention the stepwell goes beyond its 4 application. Uniqueto this region, stepwells are often 5 complex and vary widely in size and shape. Duringtheir 6 , they were places of gathering, of leisure and 7 and of worship for villagersof all but the lowest classes. Most stepwells are found 8 round the desert areas of Gujarat(where they are called vav) and Rajasthan (where they are called baori), while a few also survivein Delhi. Some were located in or near villages as public spaces for the community; others were9 beside roads as resting places for travellers.As their name suggests, stepwells comprise a series of stone steps 10 from ground level tothe water source, (normally are underground 11 ) as it recedes following the rains. When thewater 12 was high, the user needed only to descend a few steps to reach it; when it was low,several levels would have to be negotiated. Some wells are vast, open 13 with hundreds ofsteps 14 each sloping side, often in 15 . Others are more elaborate, with long stepped16 leading to the water via several storeys. Built from stone and supported by 17 , theyalso included pavilions that sheltered visitors from the relentless heat. But perhaps the mostimpressive features are the 18 decorative sculptures that embellish many stepwells, showingactivities from fighting and dancing to everyday acts such as women 19 their hair or 20butter.考 试 科 目 : 外 语 ( 英 ) 水 平 考 试 共 11 页 第 6 页Part IV. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Directions: In this section, there are three passages followed by questions orunfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C, and D.Choose the best answer and write the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is for good men todo nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people.Day after day my men and I struggle to hold back a tidal wave of crime. Something has goneterribly wrong with our once-proudAmerican way of life. It has happened in the area of values.A key ingredient is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.Accountabilityisnt hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable fortheir consequences. Of the many values that hold civilization together honesty, kindness, and soon accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust,no law and, ultimately, no society.My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse, or have neverlearned, to impose it on themselves. But as every policeman knows, external controls on peoplesbehavior are far less effective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately there are still communities smaller towns, usually where schools maintaindiscipline and where parents hold up standards that proclaim: “In this family certain things are nottolerated they simply are not done!”Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints areloosening. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what hewants, including your life if you enrage him.The main cause of this breakdown is a radical shift in attitudes. Thirty years ago, if a crimewas committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, its the criminalwho is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didnt teachhim to read, by the church that failed to reach him with moral guidance, by the parents who didntprovide a stable home.I dont believe it. Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engagein criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become asociety of endless excuses where no one accepts responsibility for anything.We in America desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits acrime is the one responsible for it.1. What the wise man said suggests that _.A. its unnecessary for good people to do anything in face of evilB. its certain that evil will prevail if good men do nothing about itC. its only natural for virtue to defeat evilD. its desirable for good men to keep away from evil2. According to the author, if a person is found guilty of a crime, _.A. society is to be held responsibleB. modern civilization is responsible for itC. the criminal himself should bear the blame考 试 科 目 : 外 语 ( 英 ) 水 平 考 试 共 11 页 第 7 页D. the standards of living should be improved3. Compared with those in small towns, people in large cities have _.A. less self-disciplineB. better sense of disciplineC. more mutual respectD. less effective government4. The writer is sorry to have noticed that _.A. people in large cities tend to excuse criminalsB. people in small towns still stick to old discipline and standardsC. todays society lacks sympathy for people in difficultyD. people in disadvantaged circumstances are engaged in criminal activities5. The key point of the passage is that _.A. stricter discipline should be maintained in schools and familiesB. more good examples should be set for people to followC. more restrictions should be imposed on peoples behaviorD. more people should accept the value of accountabilityPassage 2It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life,but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men becomemonsters behind the wheel. It is very well, again, to have a tiger in the tank, but to have one in thedrivers seat is another matter altogether. You might tolerate the odd road-hog, the rude andinconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule.Perhaps the situation calls for a “Be Kind to Other Drivers” campaign, otherwise it may getcompletely out of hand.Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headedand good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilizedbehavior. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions ofmotoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helpsto create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance s