2012年青岛大学基础英语考研真题.pdf
新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 青岛大学2012年基础英语考研真题Part 1:Vocabulary and Structure (30%, 0.5points each)01. This countrys chief exports are coal, cars and cottongoods,coal_ _ _ the most important ofthese.A.have beenB.arec.being D.are being02. The weather forecast says it may rain tomorrow,_ thepicnicwill be cancelleD,A.in this caseB.in thatcaseC. in caseD.in whichcase03.This is anllness thatcanresult in totalblindnessleft untreated. A.after B.ifC. sinceD.unless 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 04. It is not so much the language_ _ the cultural backgroundthatmakes the noveldifficulttotranslate.A.butB.notC. asD.than05. His fondness for music was_ most of his income went intoit. A.sothatB.muchthatC. suchthatD.in that06.Hesaid it wasimpossible for_a mistakein a computerscalculation,soyou canrely on that.A.there to beB.there wouldbeC. therebeing D.there was07._ thestationearlier, youwould nothave missedthe train,A.lfyou reach 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 B.lf youreachedC. lfyouhave reachedD.Ifyou hadreached08.Untilthen, his family_ _ _ from himfor sixmonths.A.didnt hearB.hasntbeen hearingC. hasntheardD.hadntheard09. On the other hand, it links these concepts to everyday realitiesin a_ _ _ whichis parallelto thelinks journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover andcommenton the news.A.mannerB.lightc.senseD.method10.Itwasthefirstdayofspring2002,andshewasstandingina helicopter asit_ _ _ roughlya kilometerup in the skyabove Kabul.A.coveredB.hoveredc.stopped 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 D.fluttered11.lll tryto getin touch withthe actor buthes_ _ _everathome when Iphone.A.rarelyB.almostC. hardlyD.occasionally12.In spiteof what theysaid, sherefused to_ _ _ to thepolice.A.give herself way B.give herselfoffC. giveherself awayD.give herself up13. Swarms of ants are invading my window. They are sucha_ _ _ .A.troubleB.disturbancec.nuisanceD.annoyance 14. Although badly damaged by the carthquake, the pagodawasfinally_ _ to itsoriginalmagnificence. 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 A.recoveredB.restoredC. renewedD.replaced15. The woman and children were taken to MatagordaRegionalHospitalin Bay City, where thewomanwasin_ _ Wednesday night,Lewis said.A.surgeryB.operation c.rescueD.action16.Itisconsideredbadmannersto_ otherpeoplebehind theirbacks.A.do upB.dobyc.do awaywithD.do down17.Iwould ratheryou, forCanada fora visit nextyearwhen itis warm there.A.leftB.leaveC. wouldleave 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 D.had left18.Ithasbeendiscoveredthatthewaterthecoastisrichinallkindsof fish.A.offB.ofC. inD,along19.A. ltter from over 2.00 Crisisvolunteershas beendeliveredto DowningStreet calling_ the Prime Minister to ensure people get the help they need whentheyapproachtheirlocal councilashomeless.A.forB.onc.atD.in20. Crisis has passed the half way mark towards an ambitioustargetto almost 1,700singlehomeless peopleinprivately rentedhomes acrossEngland.A.provideB.let 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 C. offerD.houseErrorcorrection.01. Anger over her position became violent at times, with herTucson officevandalizing after theHouse passed the overhaul last March and someone showingupat arecent gatheringwithaweapon,02. The sheriff blamed the vitriolic political rhetoric that has consumed the country, muchofit wascenteredin Arizona.03. You have the satisfaction of having saved it on your own,andthe knowledge whichyoudontoweanyone.04. Most of time there are consequences for violating rules atwork-whetherthey aresafety rulesofthe workplace, or directives on how to perform your specificjobduties. 05. He later set out a fictional etymology for the name, to theeffectlike itwasbeing derived fromthe word Holbytlan which translates hole-dweller in OldEnglish. 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 06. In his writings, Tolkien depicted Hobbits as fond of anunadventurousbucolic lifeof farming,eating, and socializing, although able of defending theirhomescourageously ifthe need arises.07. A. group of escapees, find sanctuary in a Churchcompound, risktheirlives astheystruggle tosurvive the plight and persecution brought on by the violentinvasionofthe city.08. MTI Film provides software based integrated solutions for postproduction witha focusintechnologyfor digitalfilm restorationand digitaldailies.09. The MT1 degree, short for Master of Translation andInterpreting,is a professionallevel ofeducationapprovedbythe Commissionof Academic Degreesofthe State Departmentof China.10. But if you get into an accident because of a personal riskyoutake foryourself,andnot your employer,youcould lose yourright of benefits.Part 2:Reading Comprehension (40%)Passage AFew creations of big technology capture the imagination like 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 giantdams. Perhapsit ishumankinds long suffering at the mercy of flood and droughtthatmakes the idealof forcingthewaters to do our bidding so fascinating. But to be fascinatedis also,sometimes, to be blinD. Severalgiantdamprojects threatento do moreharm thangood.The lesson from dams is that big is not always beautiful. ltdoesnt helpthatbuilding a big,powerful dam has become a symbol of achievement for nationsandpeople striving toassertthemselves.Egypts leadership in the Arab world was cemented by theAswan HighDam. Turkeysbid forFirst World status includes the giant Ataturk Dam. But bigdamstend notto work asintended.TheAswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding butdeprivedEgypt ofthe fertile siltthatfloodslefi -all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now sofullof siltthatit barely generateselectricity.Andyet,themythofcontrolling thewaterspersists.Thisweek,in theheart ofcivilized Europe, 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 Slovaks and Hungarians stopped just short of sending in thetroops intheir contentionover a damontheDanube.Thehugecomplexwillprobablyhavealltheusualproblemsof bigdams. ButSlovakiais bidding for independence from the Czechs, and now needsa damto prove itself.Meanwhile, in India, the World Bank has given the go-aheadto theeven more wrong-headedNarmada Dam. And the bank has done this even though its advisors saythe dam willcausehardshipfor the powerless and environmental destruction. The benefitsareforthe powerful, buttheyare farfrom guaranteed.Proper,scientificstudyoftheimpactsofdamsandofthecostandbenefits ofcontrollingwatercan help to resolve these conflicts. Hydroelectrie power andfloodcontroland irigationare possiblewithoutbuildingmonsterdams.Butwhenyouaredealingwith myths, it is hardto be eitherproper,or scientific. It is time that the world learned the lessons ofAswan.You dontneed a damto besaved. 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 01. According to the passage, why is the ideal of building bigdamssofascinating?A.Because it involvesa lot ofhightechnology.B. Because human beings have suffered too much fromfloods anddroughts.c.Because big damscanbring usgreat benefits.D.Because it is very beautifuland powerful.02.According to thepassage, building a bigdam _ _ . A.helped Egypt winthe leadership amongthe Arabcountries.B.made Turkeya powerfulcountryin the Arab world.C. is bothfascinatingand blind.D.is always a symbol ofachievement andpower.03.TheAswan Dam_ .A.worked as intended.B.preventedthe Nile fromflooding toooftenc.stopped the myth ofcontrolling waters.D.formed a reservoirwhich canhardly generatepower. 04.Whichis true about bigdams?A.Slovakia won itsindependence through a bigdam.B.TheNarmada Damgot the support ofthe World Bank.c.The ThreeGorges Damis an exception. 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 D. Hydroelectrie power and flood control are their onlyfunctions.Passage BThe advance of spring made the climate of Pisa too hot forcomfort, andearly inApril Trelawnyand Williams rode off to find a suitable lodging for themselvesandthe Shelleys on the Gulf ofSpezia.They pitched upon a house called the Villa Magni,between Lericiand SanTerenzio,which looked more like a boat or a bathing-house than a place tolive in.It consisted ofa terrace orground-floor unpaved, and used for storing boat-gear andfishing-tackle,andof a singlestorey overit, divided into a hall or saloon and four small rooms, whichhadoncebeen white-washed; there wasone chimney for cooking. This place we thought the Shelleysmight putup withforthesummer. Theonly good thing about it was a verandah facing the sea, and almost overit. When it cameto beinhabited, the central hall was used for the living and eatingroomof thewhole party.The Shelleys occupied two rooms facing each other; the 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 Williamseshadone ofthe remainingchambers, and Trelawny another, Access to these smallerapartmentscould onlybe got through thesaloon; and this circumstance once gave rise to a ludicrousincident, whenShelley, havinglosthisclothes out bathing, had to cross, in puris naturalibus, notundetected, thoughcoveredinhisretreatby the clever ltalian handmaiden, through a luncheon partyassembled inthe dining-room. The horror of the ladies at the poets unexpected apparition andhisinnocent self-defenceare welldescribed by Trelawny. Life in the villa was of the simplestdescription.Togetfoodwas noeasymatter, and the style of the furniture may be guessed byTrelawnyslaconic remarkthat thesea washisonlywashing-basin.05.According to thepassage, it canbe inferredthat,A. The Shelleys asked Trelawny and Williams to look for lodgingsfor them.B.Trelawny andWilliams likedto live withthe Shelleys.c.The Shelleys wentto Pisaforsummer holidays.D.Trelawny and Williamsfound a housebythe sea. 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 06.What is trueabout the VillaMagni?A.lt wasa boatorbathing-roomrather thana house.B. Its central hall was used as a dining-hall by all theinhabitants.C. Itwasa three-storey building.D.Its hall wasused forstoring boat-gearandfishing-tackle.07. What is true about the incident that happened to Shelleyoneday?A.Hetried to findclothes to cover himself. B.Shelleyfrightened awaythe ladieseatingtheirlunch.C. purisnaturalibusmeans stark naked.D.Shelley wasgrateful to the clever housemaid.Passage COver the past decade, thousands of patents have seengrantedforwhat arecalled businessmethods. A received one for its one-click onlinepaymentsystem.MerrillLynch gotlegal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patenteda technique forlayinga box.Now the nations top patent court appearscompletely-property lawyersabuzzthe U.S. courtofAppeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 caseto conducta broadreviewofbusiness-method patents. In the Bilski, as the case is known,is a verybig deal, saysDennisd.Crouch of the University of Missouri School oflaw, It has thepotentialto liminate anentire classofpatents.Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramaticabout-face,becauseit wasthefederalcircuititselfthatintroducedsuchpatentswithis1998decision in theso-called stateStreet Bank case,approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.Thatruling producedanexplosion inbusiness-method patent filings, initially by emerging internetcompaniestryingto stake outexclusiverights to specific types f online transactions. Later, moveestablished companiesraced to addsuchpatents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivalsthatmight bent themto thepunch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued morethan300business-method patentsdespite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for grantingthem.Similarly,some WallStreet 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 investment films armed themselves with patents for financialproducts, evenas theytookpositions incourtcasesopposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method forhedgingriskin theenergy market.The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that thecasewould be heardbyall 12 ofthecourts judges, rather than a typical panel of three and thatoneissueit wants to evaluateis whether it should reconsider its state street Bank ruling. The FederalCircuitsactioncomes in thewake ofaseries of recent decisions by the Supreme Court that hasnarrowedthe scopeof protectionsfor patentholders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that toomanypatents were being upheldforinventions that are obvious. The judges on the Federalcircuit are reacting to the anti-patent trend at the supremecourt, says Harold C. Wegner, an attorney and professor at George WashingtonUniversityLaw School.08. Business-method patents have recently aroused concernbecauseof_ . 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 A.theirlimited value tobusinessB.theirconnectionwithasset allocationC. thepossiblerestriction on theirgrantingD.the controversyover authorization09.Whichof the followingis true ofthe Bilski case?A.Its ruling complieswiththe courtdecisionsB.Itinvolvesa verybigbusiness transactionc.It has been dismissedbythe FederalCircuitD.It may change thelegal practicesin the U.S. 10.Theword about-face(Para 3) most probably meansA.loss ofgoodwillB.increase ofhostilityC. changeof attitudeD.enhancement ofdignity11. We learn from the last two paragraphs thatbusiness-methodpatents_A.are immune to legalchallengesB,areoften unnecessarilyissued C. lowerthe esteemfor patentholdersD.increase theincidence ofrisks12.Whichof the followingwould be the subjectof thetext?A.A loomingthreat tobusiness-method patents 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 B.Protectionforbusiness-methodpatent holdersc.A legalcase regardingbusiness-method patentsD,A prevailing treadagainst business-methodpatentsPassage DIn 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on anauction blockin Georgia for$ S00. For his white slave master, the sale was just businessasusual.Butto Morris Marable andhis heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattemof human rightsviolations againstenslaved African-Americans continued under racialsegregationfornearlyanother century.The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 2lstcenturyis the problem ofstructural racism: the deep patterns of socio-economicinequalityandaccumulated disadvantagethat are coded by race, and constantly justified in publiespeeches bybothracist stereotypesand white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and visionto removethesestructural barriersthat deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions oftheirfellow citizens? 新祥旭考研一对一辅导vx:15102738596 This country has previously witnessed two great struggles toachieve a trulymulticulturaldemocracy.The First Reconstruction ( 1954-1877) ended slavery andbrieflygave blackmen votingrights,but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries ofunpaid labor.The promiseof40acresanda mule wasformost blacks adream deferred.The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in publicaccommodations and gave blacks voting rights. But thesesuccessesparadoxically obscure the tremendous human costs ofhistoricallyaccumulateddisadvantage thatremaincentral to blackAmericans lives.Thedisproportionate wealththat most whites enjoy today wasfirstconstructed fromcenturiesof unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities,insurancecompanies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern ofwhiteprivilegeand black inequalitycontinues to