安徽师范大学2020年硕士研究生招生考试自命题试卷真题852翻译与写作.docx
2020 年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题科 目 代 码 852 科 目 名 称 翻译与写作 PartI Translation(100 points)1.Translate the following texts into Chinese.(50points)Text1(25 points)How much does sitting cost mankinds health? According to several new papers in the Lancet, at least $67 billion a year.About $54 billion of that represents direct medical costs. And that does not include the costs of early death. So how does inactivity increase medical costs? One answer is simple-inactivity increases most of the chronic diseases that afflict mankind. Think about stroke,heart disease,diabetes, cancer,dementia, each of which can be prevented by physical activity.Move more,live longer. Move more,feel better. Move more, think better. So what are the mechanisms for physical inactivitys baleful effects? When confronting the information system that is the human body,the most important variables may not yet be known. It does appear that people clot more when we sit -we know what happens in airplanes.A recent Japanese study of TV watching and lung clots found they went up70 percent when watching for two and a half to five hours,and 250% when watching for more than five hours a day. Another unhealthy factor engaged by sitting is that glucose metabolism (葡萄糖代谢)seems to go haywire.Siting and obesity are also highly corelated.My personal guess is that immune function is also unhappily changed by staying sedentary.So why arent people moving more? Because there are great incentives in life and work not to move. And governments have done little to encourage physical activity for much of the worlds population.Text 2 (25 points)And that is best, to smile not in scorn, but in all for bearance, without too much self-compassion.Afer all that dreadful aspect of the thing never realy took hold of me;I could put it by without much effort. Life is done-and what matters? Whether it has been,in sum, painful or enjoyable,even nowI cannot say - a fact which in itself should prevent me from taking the lsstoo seriously. What does it matter? Destiny with the hidden face decreed thatIshould come into being,play mylittle part,and pass again into silence;isit mine either to approve or to rebel? Let me be grateful that I have suffered no intolerable wrong, no terrible woe of flesh or spirit, such as others- alas! alas!-have found in their lot. Is it not much to have accomplished so large a part of the mortaljourney with so much ease? IfIind考生请注意答案必须写在答题纸上,写在本试题统上的无效! 第 1 页 , 共 _2 页安徽师范大学2020年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题myself astonished at its brevity and small significance, why,that is my own fault; the voices of those gone before had sufficiently warned me. Better to see the truth now,and accept it, than to fall into dread surprise on some day of weaknessand foolishly to cry against fate.I will be glad rather than sorry,and think ofthe thing no more.2.Translate thefllowing texts into English.(50 points)Text1(25 points)驴之勤劳,有目共睹推磨耕地自不在话下,甚至为人代步也从不挑剔。可驴一直 未得到公正的待遇。“驴”字贬义居多,无法与“牛”并驾齐驱,不就因为驴有几分犟 脾气?事实上,看“犟”字的组合,虽然属牛,不知何时竟一股脑儿冠之于驴。鲁迅先 生曾以“吃的是草,挤出的是奶”来赞美牛,但能挤出奶供人饮用的只是奶牛,但只要 有功于人,又何必仅以有奶无奶批判是非。驴的耐力也是首屈一指,尤其帮人推磨时, 两眼被蒙,不辨西东,在黑暗中不知疲倦地转行。想想牛何时做过这等下贱之事?Text2(25 points)G20 是公认的全球经济治理主要平台,其国内生产总值占全球 85%,贸易额占全球 80%。可以说, G20 成员经济状况的好坏是直接影响世界经济的晴雨表, G20 成员的合 作直接决定国际经济合作的方向。 G20 不同于以往的合作机制。在这里,发达国家和发 展中国家作为平等伙伴同坐在一张桌子旁,就国际经济事务平等协商、平等决策,反映 了世界经济格局的重大变化,符合时代发展的潮流,是历史的进步。 G20 打破了“与邻 为壑”的旧逻辑,面对国际金融危机,联手采取货币财政政策,推动国际金融机构改革, 把世界经济从悬崖边缘拉回来。这种同舟共济的伙伴精神是 G20 最宝贵的财富。Part I Writing (50 points)请就以下材料用中文写一篇800 字以上的议论文,题目自拟。排查校园欺凌隐患等拟入预防未成年人犯罪法10月21日,十三届全国人大常委会第十四次会议初次审议预防未成年人犯罪法修 订草案。对比现行法律,草案新增校方责任,要求学校建立心理健康筛查和早期干预机 制,及时排查可能导致学生欺凌事件发生的各种隐患。草案要求,“学校应当严格日常安全管理,建立学生欺凌防控制度,及时排查可能 导致学生欺凌事件发生的各种隐患。学生欺凌事件的处置以学校为主,对于情节比较恶 劣、对被欺凌学生身体和心理造成明显伤害的严重欺凌行为,学校应当请公安机关参与 处理”。草案同时规定,“教育行政部门可以根据需要以购买服务等方式招聘专职或者兼职 社会工作者,长期或者定期进驻学校,协助开展德育教育、法治教育和心理健康教育, 参与处理学生欺凌事件和其他不良行为,为有需求的学生提供服务”。草案还要求校方配备心理健康教师,规定“学校应当配备专职或者兼职心理健康教 育教师,开展心理健康教育,建立心理健康筛查和早期干预机制,预防和解决学生心理 行为问题。考生请注意答案必须写在答题纤上,写在本试题纪上的无效! 第 2 页 , 共 2 页